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Psychology > Personality- Humanistic Approach > Flashcards

Personality- Humanistic Approach Flashcards

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1
Q

The Humanistic view of human nature is very much a ________ one.

A

positive

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2
Q

the humanistic approach says that ______ drives are positive.

A

innate

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3
Q

What is there an importance in developing?

A

Self

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4
Q

What is there an emphasis on when regarding personality?

A

Free will
Innate tendencies toward growth
attempt to find meaning in existence

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5
Q

What is phenomenology?

A

The unique, first-person, conscious experience of individuals eg. subjective experience

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6
Q

Who is the important humanist?

A

Carl Rogers

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7
Q

Carl Rogers (1902-1987) is an influential ______ and ________.

A

psychotherapist, researcher

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8
Q

Carl Rogers- emphasis on _____.

A

self

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9
Q

What therapy did Rogers do?

A

Client-centred therapy

don’t judge on one part of life- focus on whole life.

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10
Q

Name the motivation behind humanistic theory.

A

Actualizing tendency

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11
Q

What is actualizing tendency?

A

The single positive force in all of us.

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12
Q

In actualising tendency, what are the two drives?

A

drive-reducing and drive-increasing

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13
Q

What does drive reducing reduce the need for?

A

hunger, sex

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14
Q

Drive increasing increases the need for _____ and _______.

A

achievement and creativity

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15
Q

Rogers believed that persons basically have a ______ direction.

A

positive

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16
Q

The humanistic personality structure focuses on _____ _______.

A

the self

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17
Q

What is the self also called?

A

the self-concept

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18
Q

In the self concept we _____ things and attach ____ to them.

A

perceive, meaning

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19
Q

The self is individuals overall perceptions of their _____, ______ and _________.

A

abilities, behaviour, personality

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20
Q

The self is _______ conscious.

A

primarily

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21
Q

What does primarily conscious mean?

A

We are aware of it- it is available to consciousness

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22
Q

Name a criticism of rogers’ theory (to do with data.)

A

The source of data is not reliable or valid.

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23
Q

A criticism of Roger’s theory is that he is overly ______.

A

optimistic

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24
Q

What view does Roger have on human nature?

A

An overly simplified view of human nature.

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25
Q

There are many _____ to Rogers’ theory- that he doesn’t mention.

A

exceptions

26
Q

What does Roger play too little attention to?

A

The unconscious

27
Q

Rogerian concepts have been criticised for being too _____ and ______.

A

broad, vague

28
Q

Markus (1977) had more ____ humanistic theories.

A

modern

29
Q

What did Markus (1977) come up with?

A

The self-schema

30
Q

What is the idea behind the self-schema?

A

That we all have within us a sense of self, things that overlap with the self= strong sense of these, things that are further away from the self= are less important to self

31
Q

Name the 3 types of self.

A

Actual self, Ideal self and Ought self.

32
Q

what is ideal self?

A

The Ideal Self is our vision/image of ourselves in the future and is shaped by dreams and aspirations.

33
Q

Ideal self is the _____ focus which gives us feelings of _____.

A

promotion, pleasure

34
Q

What is the Ought self?

A

your representation of the attributes that someone (yourself or another) believes you should or ought to possess aka. sense of duty you need to fill a certain role in life.

35
Q

The ought self is the _____ focus which can give us feelings of ____.

A

prevention, relief

36
Q

What is the new movement?

A

Positive psychology

37
Q

What is positive psychology?

A

positive psychology focuses on what’s good about ourselves rather than negatives.

38
Q

A research movement that emphasises factors that make people psychologically happy, healthy or able to cope well with their life circumstances is known as ________ _________.

A

Positive Psychology

39
Q

In positive psychology, what half of life are people interested in?

A

Zero to Increase of happiness (HERO) - positive half :)

40
Q

Martin _____ was a positive psychologist.

A

Seligman

41
Q

Positive psychology focuses on positive subject experiences known as ______.

A

states

42
Q

Name two positive states.

A

happiness and fulfilment

43
Q

Define Flow.

A

Energy and focus when people are fully engaged in a task.

44
Q

Csikszentmihalyi 1990 came up with the idea of ____ when we are playing sport, painting etc.

A

flow

45
Q

When we are in the zone this can be known as ____.

A

flow

46
Q

Apart from flow, name the 3 other parts to the square.

A

anxiety, apathy and boredom.

47
Q

If you have high skills and high challenge this will have ______.

A

flow.

48
Q

If you have high skills and low challenge you will have ______.

A

boredom

49
Q

If you have low skills and a high challenge you will have ______.

A

anxiety

50
Q

If you have low skills and low challenge you will have _______.

A

apathy

51
Q

Peterson and Seligman came up with 24 ______ ________.

A

character strengths

52
Q

Name cluster 1- creativity, curiosity, love of learning, open-mindedness and having perspective.

A

wisdom and knowledge

53
Q

Name cluster 2- authenticity, bravery, persistence and zest (approaching life as an adventure).

A

Courage

54
Q

Name cluster 3- kindness, love and social intelligence

A

Humanitarian concerns

55
Q

Name cluster 4- Fairness, leadership and team orientation

A

Justice

56
Q

Name cluster 5- Mercy, modesty, prudence (not taking unreasonable risks) and self regulation.

A

Temperance

57
Q

Name cluster 6- appreciation of beauty or excellence, gratitude, hope, humour and spirituality.

A

Transcendence

58
Q

the humanistic approach has vaguely _____ ______.

A

defined concepts

59
Q

what is a criticism of the humanistic approach regarding scientific evidence?

A

It is unproven, there is no scientific evidence.

60
Q

The Humanistic approach believes that ____ has a crucial role in shaping behaviour.

A

self

61
Q

Humanistic approach is the most ___ out of the 4 approaches.

A

positive

Psychology (24 decks)

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