Developmental Psychology I Flashcards
Define Developmental Psychology.
The study of the biological, cognitive, social and emotional changes that occur in people over time.
Developmental Psychology, despite popular belief is not just confined to ____ and _____, it is for all throughout a person’s ________.
Childhood, Adolescence, Lifetime.
Name the Highly Influential Theorist to do with Cognitive Development.
Jean Piaget (1896-1980)
_____ observed that children were incapable of doing things at certain ages.
Piaget.
What did Piaget call his general theoretical framework?
Genetic Epistemology.
What did Piaget believe that cognitive abilities developed on the basis of?
That cognitive abilities developed on the basis of;
Interaction between innate capacities (nature) with environmental events (nurture).
Regardless of their whereabouts in the world, what did Piaget believe that all children pass through?
Piaget believed that all children pass through a hierarchy of qualitatively different stages.
How many stages of cognitive development did Piaget come up with?
4
Name this:
A mental operation (framework) which can be applied to objects, beliefs, ideas or anything in the child’s world.
A Schema
What do Schemas change as a result of?
Schemas change on the basis of experience.
Piaget said that we learn through our ________.
Interactions.
What is the reason that as young children we experiment/explore/try new things?
To expand this mental framework (our schema).
We will have a _____ for learning to ride a bike, this will then evolve so that we can ride any bike.
Schema.
Name the 2 key processes responsible for cognitive development.
Assimilation and Accommodation.
What is a schema?
The mental framework a child holds that guides their interaction with the world.
Define Assimilation.
The cognitive process by which we incorporate new information into existing schemas.
Define Accommodation.
The adjustment of schemas to fit with the nature of the environment. (never seen cow before eg. lived in city all life, then schemas will have to adjust).
What is meant by “constructivism”?
That schemas are internally constructed by the child.
Children _____ their own knowledge.
Construct.
Name Piaget’s 4 stages of cognitive development.
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete Operational
- Formal Operational
What is the stage from Birth to 2 Years called?
Sensorimotor Stage.
What ages does the Preoperational Stage include?
2 to 7 years.
The concrete operational is from ___ to ___ years.
7, 12.
What age is the formal operational stage from?
From 12 years and older.