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sports psychology - year 2 > Personality > Flashcards

Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Define personality

A

Unique psychological make up

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2
Q

Define extrovert

A

Have loud and bright personalities

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3
Q

Define introvert

A

Have quiet and reserved personalities

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4
Q

What is the social learning theory?

A

Suggests that behaviour is learnt from a significant other by socialisation

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5
Q

What is the trait theory?

A

A theory which suggests that innate characteristics produce consistent behaviour

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6
Q

What is the interactionist perspective?

A

A theory which combines trait and social learning to predict behaviour in a specific situation

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7
Q

What is Lewin’s formula?

A

When B = f(PxE): behaviour is a function of personality and environment

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8
Q

What is the credulous approach?

A

When the link between personality and behaviour is accepted

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9
Q

What is the sceptical approach?

A

When the link between personality and behaviour is doubted

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10
Q

What is the nature vs nurture debate?

A

Some psychologists argue that personality is innate, whereas some argue that they are learned.

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11
Q

Give 3 characteristics of an extrovert

A
  • Outgoing
  • Very confident
  • Enjoy team sports
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12
Q

Give 3 characteristics of an introvert

A
  • Quiet
  • Reserved
  • Prefer individual sports
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13
Q

Give 4 characteristics/features of the trait theory

A
  • Genetic based
  • Stable - permanent in differing situations
  • Consistent
  • Predictable
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14
Q

Why do people not believe the trait theory?

A

Because personalities and behaviour can change based off a situation.
It doesn’t consider that personalities can be formed based off experience

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15
Q

Give 4 characteristics/features of social learning approach

A
  • Learnt from significant others influence
  • Picked up through socialisation
  • Cannot be predicted
  • More likely to copy behaviour if it is consistently shown to us
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16
Q

What is the statement linked to social learning theory?

A

Observe -> identify -> reinforce -> copy

17
Q

What are the setbacks of the social learning approach

A
  • Completely disregards the genetical aspects to trait
  • Hard to measure the influence of learning
  • Some people never change
18
Q

What are the advantages of the trait theory?

A
  • Simple
  • Measurable
  • Explains the biological role
19
Q

What are the advantages of the social learning approach?

A
  • Explains the influence of the environment
  • Gives control to coach/teacher
20
Q

What is the interactionist perspective?

A

Believes that behaviours can be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. It combines the two previous theories.

21
Q

What are the 2 models within the interactionist perspective?

A
  • Lewins model
  • Hollander model
22
Q

What is the Lewin model?

A

Suggests that an individuals personality is produced when both their natural traits and the experiences they have learned combine in a specific situation.

23
Q

Give an example of Lewis model in sport

A

An introverted gymnast is reserved ordinarily, but she has learned to adapt when performing and displays more assertive, extroverted characteristics during competition to appeal to the judges.

24
Q

What are the three aspects of hollanders model?

A
  • Core
  • Typical response
  • Role related response
25
Q

What is the core in Hollanders model?

A

The real you and your true beliefs/values. Represents stable aspects of your personality

26
Q

What is the typical response in Hollanders model?

A

Describes how individuals usually respond

27
Q

What is the role-related response in Hollanders model?

A

How an individual responds in a specific environment. This may be uncharacteristic behaviour.

28
Q

What does Hollander believe?

A

That the environment does influence behaviour

29
Q

Give an example of the Hollander model in sport

A
  • Performer has core values of being a holding shooter
  • Typically responds by holding a defender and creating space for the ball to reach them from the WA/C
  • However a role related response of becoming a moving shooter to try and keep the defender out of play is employed due to the defender contacting the holding movements.
30
Q

How can the interactionist perspective improve performance?

A
  • Allows coach to predict situations and avoid specific aspects of personality being displayed.
  • Coach can create situations in training or experiences to cause change in behaviour.
31
Q

Name 3 limitations of the interactionist perspective

A
  • Particular competitive situations may require varying behavioural responses from a performer
  • A performers core values may be hard to alter, therefore hindering performance as they can’t adapt to certain situations
  • Reinforcement from significant others could lead to the behaviour of a performer being continued.

sports psychology - year 2 (4 decks)

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