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115 Oral, Head And Neck Anatomy > Permanent Premolars/Bicuspids > Flashcards

Permanent Premolars/Bicuspids Flashcards

1
Q

Are premolars always referred to as bicuspids?

A

No, the mandibular 2nd premolars can sometimes have 3 cusps

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2
Q

How many lobes form the premolars?

A

Most form from 4 lobes (3 buccal and 1 lingual) and have 2 cusps, except for the mandibular 2nd premolar which sometimes forms from 5 lobes (3 buccal, 2 lingual) and will have 3 cusps

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3
Q

Are premolars wider M/D or B/L?

A

Buccal/Lingual

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4
Q

Describe the buccal ridge of the maxillary premolars

A

Runs vertically down the midline w/ developmental depressions on either side

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5
Q

Describe the marginal ridges of the maxillary premolars

A

On the occlusal surface

Create a boundary that separates the occlusal surface from the peripheral surfaces (MMR, DMR)

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6
Q

Where are the triangular ridges of the maxillary premolars?

A

Occlusal surface of the cusps, runs buccal to lingual (BTR, LTR)

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7
Q

Describe the central groove of the maxillary 1st premolar

A

Spans mesial pit to distal pit

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8
Q

What forms the triangular fossa?

A

Area where the mesial/distal pits meet the triangular grooves and the M/D and B/L grooves

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9
Q

On which tooth do we see the marginal groove?

A

Only on the maxillary 1st premolar only.

Acts as a spillway

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10
Q

What are the triangular grooves and what do they form?

A

MBG/MLG and DBG/DLG

Terminate at and form the triangular fossa

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11
Q

Where are developmental grooves usually found?

A

Usually found on the occlusal surface of the maxillary 2nd premolars

Give surface a wrinkled appearance

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12
Q

Where is the height of contour on the mesial/distal aspects of the max 1st premolars?

A

Occlusal 1/3

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13
Q

Where is the height of contour on the buccal aspect of the max 1st premolar?

A

Cervical 1/3

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14
Q

Where is the height of contour on the lingual aspect of the max 1st premolars?

A

Middle 1/3

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15
Q

What is the function of the 1st premolars?

A

Tearing, supplements the function of the canines

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16
Q

Which tooth does the maxillary 1st premolar resemble?

A

Canine buccal aspect but is 1.5-2mm shorter

Root is also shorter

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17
Q

How curved is the CEJ of the maxillary 1st premolars?

A

Not as curved M/D as the canines

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18
Q

Which ridge on the maxillary 1st premolars is longer, the DBCR or the MBCR?

A

DBCR

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19
Q

Describe the mesial marginal groove of the maxillary 1st premolar

A

Extends from the occlusal table to the mesial surface and is very prominent

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20
Q

Describe the root depression on the max 1st premolar

A

Very prominent on the M/D

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21
Q

Where does the bifurcation occur on the root of the max 1st premolar?

A

Apical 1/3, buccal root is usually longer

22
Q

How many roots do max 1st premolars have?

A

Usually 2. May have 1 but still 2 pulp canals. Can also be trifurcated w/ 3 pulp canals

2 buccal, 1 palatal

23
Q

What is the function of the 2nd premolars?

A

Grinding. Supplementing the function of the molars

24
Q

What is the size and shape of the maxillary 2nd premolars? Height difference between the cusps?

A

Slightly smaller than the 1st premolars and more rounded

Cusps are almost equal in height

25
Q

Do the max 2nd premolars have a MMG?

A

No

26
Q

What is the shape/contour of the buccal cusp ridge on the max 2nd premolars?

A

More curved

27
Q

Do the max 2nd premolars have a central groove?

A

Sometimes. It will be shorter or not there at all with just a pit w/ supplemental grooves on the occlusal surface

28
Q

How many roots do the max 2nd premolars have?

A

Usually a single root w/ one pulp canal but will occasionally have 2 pulp canals and may bifurcate

29
Q

Of the two maxillary premolars, which has the longer root?

A

2nd, has a mesial root depression

30
Q

What is the height of contour on the mesial/distal aspects of the mandibular 1st premolars?

A

Middle 1/3

31
Q

What is the height of contour on the buccal aspect of the mand 1st premolars?

A

Between the cervical and middle 1/3’s

32
Q

What is the height of contour on the lingual aspect of the mand 1st premolars?

A

Middle 1/3, near cusp tip

33
Q

What is the difference in the cusp tips between the max/mand 1st premolars?

A

Cusps are more blunt on the mandibular

34
Q

Describe the CEJ on the mand 1st premolars

A

Fairly straight w/ a slight curve toward the occlusal

35
Q

Describe the crown form of the mand 1st premolar

A

Cusp tip sits over the root and occlused with the max fossa

36
Q

What can you see from the lingual aspect of the mand 1st premolars?

A

Lingual cusp is in line with the BTR forming a True Transverse Ridge

MLG is visible and prominent

37
Q

What is the shape of the occlusal table on the mand 1st premolar?

A

Triangular

38
Q

Describe the mesial triangular fossa (MTF) on the mand 1st premolars

A

Smaller w/ a pit that the MLG courses from

39
Q

Describe the distal triangular fossa (DTF)

A

Larger w/ a pit

40
Q

Describe the roots of the mand 1st premolar

A

May have a mesial root depression

One root with one pulp canal- may have 1 root with 2 pulp canals and may also bifurcate

41
Q

Describe the shape of the mandibular 2nd premolars

A

Shaped more like a molar w/ well developed lingual cusps

42
Q

Describe the buccal aspect of the mand 2nd premolars

A

Smoother, usually with no developmental depressions and lass prominent BCR

43
Q

Describe the occlusal shape on the mand 2nd premolars

A

Round or squared and very symmetrical

44
Q

What are the two cusp types of mand 2nd premolars?

A

3 cusp type

2 cusp type

45
Q

How many lobes form the 3 cusp type mand 2nd premolars?

A

5 lobes- 3 buccal (1 cusp), 2 lingual (2 cusps)
Mesiolingual cusp is larger than the distal lingual cusp
Lingual groove is only present on the 3 cusp type

46
Q

How many lobes form the 2 cusp type mand 2nd premolars?

A

4 lobes- 3 buccal, 1 lingual

47
Q

What are the 3 variations of occlusal patters in mand 2nd premolars?

A

U, H and Y

48
Q

How many cusps/fossa on the U-shaped and H-shaped occlusal patterns?

A

2 cusps

3 fossa

49
Q

How many cusps/fossa in the Y-shaped occlusal pattern of the mand 2nd premolars?

A

3 cusps

3 fossa

50
Q

Describe the root of the mand 2nd premolars

A

Single root with 1 or 2 pulp canals
Larger and longer than the mand 1st premolar
May bifurcate with a deep developmental groove on the mesial

115 Oral, Head And Neck Anatomy (25 decks)

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