Muscles of the Pharynx and Neck

Question 1

Characteristics of the muscles of the pharynx

Answer 1

Movements are involved with speaking, swallowing and middle ear function

Include the stylophanryngeus, pharyngeal constrictor muscles and soft palate muscles

Question 2

What nerves innervate the stylopharyngeus?

Answer 2

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 3

What nerves innervate the pharyngeal constrictors?

Answer 3

Pharyngeal plexus: pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve

Question 4

What is the action of the stylopharyngeus?

Answer 4

raises and widens the pharynx

Question 5

origin and insertion of the stylopharyngeus

Answer 5

origin: styloid process of temporal bone
insertion: lateral and posterior pharyngeal wall

Question 6

Action of the superior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 6

raises pharynx and larynx and helps push bolus toward esophagus

Question 7

origin and insertion of superior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 7

origin: pterygoid hamulus, mandible and pterygomandibular raphe
insertion: medial pharyngeal raphe/ pharyngeal aponeurosis

Question 8

Action of the middle pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 8

rises pharynx and larynx and pushes bolus toward esophagus

Question 9

origin and insertion of middl pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 9

origin: hyoid bone/ stylohyoid ligament
insertion: medial pharyngeal raphe/pharyngeal aponeurosis

Question 10

action of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 10

raises pharynx and larynx and pushes bolus to esophagus

Question 11

origin and insertion of inferior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 11

origin: thyroid and cricoid cartilage
insertion: medial pharyngeal raphe/ pharyngeal aponeurosis

Question 12

Characteristics of cervical muscles

Answer 12

Include: Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Both are in superficial positions and are the most superficial of the cervical muscles

Question 13

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 13

Anterolateral part of neck

Divides lateral neck region forming anterior/posterior cervical triangles

Question 14

Trapezius

Answer 14

Posterior part of the neck

Covers lateral/posterior surfaces of the neck and upper back

Forms a broad, flat triangle

Question 15

What are the cervical muscles innervated by?

Answer 15

Spinal accessory nerve

Question 16

Action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 16

One side contracts- head turns to one side

Both sides contract- head tilts backward

Question 17

Origin of sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 17

Medial portion of clavicle and superior on lateral surfaces of sternum

Question 18

Insertion of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 18

Mastoid process of temporal bone, posterior and inferior to the external acoustic meatus

Question 19

Action of the trapezius

Answer 19

Helps cervical vertebrae support the head and neck.

Lifts the clavicle and scapula in a shrug

Question 20

Origin of trapezius

Answer 20

External surface of occipital bone and the posterior midline of the clavicle and thoracic vertebrae

Question 21

Insertion of trapezius

Answer 21

Lateral third of the clavicle and scapula