General Musculature Questions Flashcards
Which muscles form the floor of the mouth?
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Which is the only hyoid muscle to not have attachment to the hyoid bone?
Sternothyroid
Only depresses thyroid cartilage (attachment site)and larynx, not the bone
Neural elements of muscular system, what do they do?
Efferent/motor nerves activate contractions
What is the Origin of a muscle?
End of the muscle attached to the least movable structure
What is the insertion of a muscle?
End of the muscle attached to the more movable structure
What is the action of a muscle?
Contraction
What type of movement
Insertion end moves toward the origin during contraction
Fascia
Fibrous layers of connective tissue membrane that surrounds the muscles, blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics, dermis/connective tissue etc
What are the 7 muscle groups?
Facial expression Mastication Hyoid Tongue Soft palate Pharynx Cervical
Why must we know the muscle anatomy to perform extra/intra oral exams?
Muscles serve as anatomical landmarks for other structures: bones, blood vessels, nerves, lymph nodes
What happens during TMJ
Muscle spasms of the muscles of mastication
Causes of occlusal trauma
disease or trauma to the teeth, periodontium and/or the TMJ which in turn affects the muscles of mastication.
This may be from decay, perio disease, arthritis, clenching/bruxing, whiplash
What is Tic Douloureux/Trigeminal Neuralgia?
Neuralgia of the maxillary division or mandibular division of the trigeminal
What is a facial tic?
Irritation to facial nerve– spasms of facial muscles
What causes facial paralysis?
Disease or trauma to the facial nerve. Affects facial expression, speech, mastication
Examples of causes of facial paralysis
Bell’s Palsy, stroke, malignant neoplasm of the parotid, surgery on the parotid, trauma to parotid via facial lacerations, trauma to facial nerve from poor anesthesia
