Peritoneum and Abdominal Cavity Flashcards
Which 2 vertical lines divide abdomen into 9 regions?
MCL that extend to mid-inguinal point
Which 2 horizontal lines divide abdomen into its 9 regions?
UPPER: Subcostal: Joins lower CC margins
LOWER: Intertubercular: Connects iliac crests
Where is the transpyloric plane found?
Vertebral level?
Half way between suprasternal notch and pubic symphysis (Found at L1)
What does the transtubercular plane connect? (vertebral level?)
Iliac crests of the pelvis
L4
Describe the intercristal plane?
Highest points of pelvis at the back
What vertebral level is I-C Plane and significance?
1) Between L4&5
Space used for lumbar punctures/epidurals
What is subcostal plane marker for?
End of Spinal Cord and Superior Mesenteric artery
What is McBurney’s point and significance?
1) 2/3 way along from umbilic to RASIS
2) Marks base of appendix
What are the 3 flat muscles of abdominal wall? What directions
1) EO (Down and in)
2) IO (Up and in)
3) TA (Horizontally)
Origin and Insertion of EO?
1) Lower 8 & Thoraco-lumbar fascia
2) Pubic crest, P tubercle, iliac crest, linea alba
Origin and Insertion of IO?
1) T-L Fascia, Iliac crest, lateral 1/2 inguinal lig
2) Linea alba and pubic tubercle
Origin and Insertion of TA?
1) T-L Fascia, Iliac crest, lateral 1/2 inguinal lig
2) Linea alba and pubic tubercle
What are the fibrous intersections of RA? AND attachments?
1) Tendinous Intersections
2) Rectus sheath, pubis, CC
5 structures inside Rectus Sheath?
1) RA
2) S&I Epigastric arteries
3) S&I Epigastric veins
4) Veins
5) Lymphatics
What is the inferior epigastric artery a branch of?
The external iliac artery.
What is the internal thoracic artery a branch of? And what does it supply?
It is a branch of the subclavian artery and it supplies the anterior chest and abdominal wall and also the breasts.
What is a dermatome? AND where in abdominal wall?
1) Area of skin supplied by nerves from SSR
2) T7 –> L1
Why is pain localised if involves peritoneum?
It has the same sensory nerve supply as skin
What epithelium lines the abdominal cavity?
Simple squamous epithelium
What is the peritoneal cavity?
Potential space between V and P peritoneum, with peritoneal fluid
What is a retroperitoneal organs and name the 6?
1) Organ that only has anterior surface covered by peritoneum (Lie behind)
2) DADPOK (Duodenum, asc, desc colon, pancreas, oesophagus, kidneys)
What is intraperitoneal organ and name the 6.
1) Organ fully covered in VP, suspended in the P Cavity
2) SALTSS (sigmoid appendix liver TC, stomach SI)
What does the greater Omentum attach to?
Greater curvature of the stomach
What is name for peritoneal cavity being distended by fluid?
Ascites
Describe the position and folding of the greater omentum in the peritoneal cavity.
It hangs down like an apron and then folds back on itself meaning there are 4 layers. The posterior 2 layers go on to enclose the transverse colon (transverse mesocolon) and then form the parietal peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall.
What is the ligamentum teres formed from?
Umbilical vein
