Periodicity

Question 1

Periodicity definition

Answer 1

many properties vary in a fairly regular way across a period, the pattern in then repeated across the next period. The occurrence of repeated patterns is periodicity

Question 1

How are elements arranged on the periodic table

Answer 1

increasing atomic number and grouped into common properties and organised into blocks

Question 2

Melting/boiling point patterns along the group

Answer 2

they increase from group 1 - 4 and then fall dramatically, because of the type of structure and bonding of each element

Question 3

Melting/boiling point of groups 1 - 3

Answer 3

high - as metallic bonding is strong. It increases from group 1 - 3 as metallic bonding gets stronger the more outer electrons are donated to the sea of delocalised electrons and more positive metal ion

Question 4

Melting/boiling point of groups 4

Answer 4

high - they have giant covalent network structure and each atom covalently bonds to 4 others in a 3D arrangement. To melt/boil actual covalent bonds must be broken and these are very strong so need a lot of energy to break

Question 5

Melting/boiling point of groups 5 - 8

Answer 5

low - as they have simple molecular structures (just small groups of atoms covalently bonded) so to melt/boil these only the weak intermolecular bonds need to be broken which requires a small amount of energy