Pollutants - DF

Question 1

Name all of the pollutants

Answer 1

CO₂, CO, particulates, unburnt hydrocarbons, NOₓ, SO₂, O₃

Question 2

Origin of CO₂

Answer 2

combustion of fossil fuels

Question 3

Origin of CO

Answer 3

incomnplete combustuin of hydrocarbons in fossil fuels
burning biomass

Question 4

Origin of particulates

Answer 4

volcanoes
burning fuels
bruning coals

Question 5

Origin of unburnt hydrocarbons

Answer 5

hydrocarbon fuel molecules which have not been oxidised
incomplete combustion

Question 6

Origin of NOₓ

Answer 6

combustion of fuels in power stations and vehicles

Question 7

Origin of SO₂

Answer 7

volcanoes
burning of fuels containing sulfur

Question 8

Origin of O₃

Answer 8

atomsphere

Question 9

Environmental effect of CO₂

Answer 9

greenhouse effect

Question 10

Environmental effect of CO

Answer 10

toxic gas
photochemical smog

Question 11

Effect of particulates

Answer 11

penetrate deep into the human body causing heart attacks and lung cancer

Question 12

Environmental effect of unburnt hydrocarbons,

Answer 12

contributes to climate change by trapping heat

Question 13

Environmental effect of NOₓ

Answer 13

acid rain
photochemical smog

Question 14

Environmental effect of SO₂

Answer 14

toxic gas
acid rain

Question 15

Environmental effect of O₃

Answer 15

stops radiation

Question 16

Alternative fuels names

Answer 16

diesel, LPG, ethanol, biodiesel, hydrogen

Question 17

How is diesel made and is it sustainable

Answer 17

distillation of crude oil = unsustainable as oil is finite and releases CO

Question 18

How is LPG made and is it sustainable

Answer 18

distillation of crude oil = unsustainable as oil is finite and releases CO

Question 19

How is ethanol made and is it sustainable

Answer 19

can be made from fermentation of carbohydrate crops = sustainable as can be grown quickly

Question 20

How is biodiesel made and is it sustainable

Answer 20

made by chemically reacting fats and oils with an alcohol = sustainable as waste oil is used not fossil fuels

Question 21

How is hydrogen made and is it sustainable

Answer 21

combustion of hydrogen produces water = sustainable

Question 22

Advantages and disadvantages of diesel

Answer 22

AD - more fuel efficient than other alternatives
DIS - produces emissions that are harmful to the environment

Question 23

Advantages and disadvantages of LPG

Answer 23

AD - releases less emmissions which has less of an environmental impact
DIS - not easily transportable (flammable and needs to be kept at high pressure)

Question 24

Advantages and disadvantages of ethanol

Answer 24

AD - carbon neutral as CO absorbed by crops mathces CO released
DIS - cars cannot run easily on ethanol alone, land usage can be used for food instead

Question 25

Advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel

Answer 25

AD - carbon neutral, some cars can run on pure biodiesel DIS - more nitrogen oxides are produced than fossil fuels

Question 26

Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen

Answer 26

AD - renewable, can be stored and sent down pipelines, no CO, CO or hydrocarbons released DIS - less energy dense, oxides of nitrogen are still produced at high temperatures