Solubility of salts and precipitation

Question 1

All K⁺, Na⁺ and NH₄⁺ compounds are soluble or insoluble (include exceptions)

Answer 1

Soluble

Question 2

All nitrates (NO₃⁻) are soluble or insoluble (include exceptions)

Answer 2

Soluble

Question 3

All sulfates (SO₄²⁻) are soluble or insoluble (include exceptions)

Answer 3

Soluble except Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺, Ag⁺, Pb²⁺

Question 4

All Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻ compounds are soluble or insoluble (include exceptions)

Answer 4

Soluble except Ag⁺, Pb²⁺

Question 5

All carbonates (CO₃²⁻) are soluble or insoluble (include exceptions)

Answer 5

Insoluble except Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺ carbonates

Question 6

All hydroxides (OH⁻) are soluble or insoluble (include exceptions)

Answer 6

Insoluble except K⁺, Na⁺ and NH₄⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺ hydroxides

Question 7

Flame test result of lithium (Li⁺)

Answer 7

Bright red

Question 8

Flame test result of sodium (Na⁺)

Answer 8

Yellow

Question 9

Flame test result of potassium (K⁺)

Answer 9

Liliac

Question 10

Flame test result of calcium (Ca⁺)

Answer 10

Brick red

Question 11

Flame test result of barium (Ba⁺)

Answer 11

Green

Question 12

Flame test result of copper (Cu⁺)

Answer 12

Blue-green

Question 13

What do transition metals give (solubility)

Answer 13

Coloured precipitates

Question 14

Adding OH⁻ to Cu²⁺(aq) what precipitation is given and colour

Answer 14

Blue Cu(OH)₂

Question 15

Adding OH⁻ to Fe²⁺(aq) what precipitation is given and colour

Answer 15

Dirty green Fe(OH)₂

Question 16

Adding OH⁻ to Fe³⁺(aq) what precipitation is given and colour

Answer 16

Foxy brown Fe(OH)₃

Question 17

Adding OH⁻ to other metal ions what colour precipitation is given

Answer 17

White precipitation

Question 18

Adding OH⁻ to K⁺, Na⁺, NH⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺ what colour precipitation is given

Answer 18

They are all soluble so no precipitation

Question 19

Adding CO₃²⁻ to metal ions what colour precipitation is given

Answer 19

Most carbonates are insoluble so most metal ions will give a precipitation, coloured if it is a transition metal otherwise white

Question 20

What will happen when lead ions (Pb²⁺) are added to iodide ions

Answer 20

a yellow precipitation (PbI₂)

Question 21

Adding CO₃²⁻ and an acid solution what will happen

Answer 21

it will bubble as CO₂ gas is given. This test is done first as CO₃²⁻ would give a white precipitation in the hydroxide and carbonate tests so only do those tests if CO₃²⁻ is not present

Question 22

Adding Cl⁻ and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) what precipitation is given and what colour

Answer 22

white AgCl

Question 23

Adding Br⁻ and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) what precipitation is given and what colour

Answer 23

cream AgBr

Question 24

Adding I⁻ and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) what precipitation is given and what colour

Answer 24

pale yellow AgI

Question 25

Adding a solution containing barium ions (Ba²⁺) with SO₄²⁻ what precipitation is given and what colour

Answer 25

white BaSO₄