Solubility of salts and precipitation - questions Flashcards
What is solubility?
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
True or False: All salts are soluble in water.
False
What is a precipitation reaction?
A chemical reaction that results in the formation of an insoluble solid from soluble reactants.
Fill in the blank: The solubility of a salt is often expressed in _____ per liter of solution.
grams
What is the common rule for the solubility of nitrates?
Nitrates are generally soluble in water.
Which of the following is typically insoluble: AgCl, NaCl, or KNO3?
AgCl
What effect does temperature generally have on the solubility of solids in liquids?
Solubility usually increases with temperature.
True or False: All sulfate salts are soluble.
False
What is the general solubility rule for carbonates?
Most carbonates are insoluble, except those of alkali metals and ammonium.
What does the term ‘Ksp’ stand for?
Solubility product constant.
In a saturated solution, what is the relationship between the rate of dissolution and the rate of precipitation?
They are equal.
Fill in the blank: The formation of a precipitate can be predicted by calculating the _____ of the ions in solution.
ionic product
What is the significance of the solubility product constant (Ksp)?
It indicates the extent to which a salt will dissolve in solution.
True or False: pH can affect the solubility of certain salts.
True
Which ions typically lead to the formation of insoluble phosphates?
Calcium, barium, and lead.
What happens to the solubility of a gas in a liquid as temperature increases?
Solubility decreases.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a soluble salt? A) BaSO4 B) NaCl C) PbCl2
B) NaCl
What is a common method to remove soluble salts from a solution?
Evaporation
Fill in the blank: The presence of a common ion will _____ the solubility of a salt.
decrease
True or False: Silver bromide (AgBr) is soluble in water.
False
What effect does pressure have on the solubility of gases in liquids?
Increased pressure increases solubility.
What type of reaction occurs when mixing solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulfate?
Precipitation reaction
What is the formula for calculating the solubility product constant (Ksp)?
Ksp = [A^n+][B^m-] where A and B are the ions.
Which of the following is an insoluble hydroxide? A) NaOH B) Ca(OH)2 C) Fe(OH)3
C) Fe(OH)3
What type of ions generally form soluble salts with alkali metals?
Nitrate and acetate ions.
Silver nitrate + ammonium chloride (will a precipitation will form and what it is)
yes AgCl
Copper (II) sulfate + sodium bromide (will a precipitation will form and what it is)
no
Magnesium nitrate + sodium carbonate (will a precipitation will form and what it is)
yes MgCO₃
Ammonium hydroxide + potassium carbonate (will a precipitation will form and what it is)
no
Zinc sulfate + barium chloride (will a precipitation will form and what it is)
yes BaSO₄
