Periodic Table - Periodic Trends

Question 1

group a elements

Answer 1

• have an outer electron configuration that is given by the period number and group number
• nitrogen: period 2 group VA
• 2s^2 2p^3
• outer-electron configuration rules are restricted to Group A elements

Question 2

periodic trends group a elements

Answer 2

• atomic size:
• decreases from left to right across a period
• increases form top to bottom down a group

Question 3

periodic trends

Answer 3

• certain properties of elements exhibit a gradual change as we go either across a period or down a group
• knowing these trends can help in our understanding of chemical properties
• atomic size, first ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity

Question 4

atomic size

Answer 4

• atoms get large as you go down a group
• a new shell is being added
• atoms get smaller as you go across a period (positive charge increases, adding protons)

Question 5

ionization energy

Answer 5

• the amount of energy required to remove one electron from an atom
• increases across a period from left to right
• increases up a group (from bottom to top)
• first ionization energy: energy required to remove the first electron form a neutral atom

Question 6

electron affinity

Answer 6

• energy released when an atom gains an e-

Question 7

electronegativity

Answer 7

• relative ability of atoms to attract e-

Question 8

trends

Answer 8

• metal are larger so tend to lose electrons

- non-metals are smaller so tend to gain electrons

Question 9

as atomic size decreases

Answer 9

• first ionization energy increases
• electrons are harder to remove
• adding more electrons is easier

Question 10

periodic trends group b elements

Answer 10

• the inner levels are not always completely filled
• do not exhibit consistent periodic trends
• non representative elements
• transition elements, inner transition elements