Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons: Alkenes Flashcards
1
Q
alkenes
A
- hydrocarbons with at least one double bond, can be straight chain, branched, or in a ring (cyclic)
- unsaturated hydrocarbon because carbons are involved in double bond are only connected to three other atoms
2
Q
nomenclature of alkenes
A
- find the longest chain of carbon atoms that contains the double bond to establish the parent name. add -ene to root name
- number the chain so that the carbons of the double bond are given the lowest numbers possible
3
Q
naming alkenes
A
C Root #C Root
- NONE 6. - Hex-
- Eth- 7. - Hept-
- Prop- 8. - Oct-
- But- 9. - Non-
- Pent - 10. - Dec-
4
Q
2-butene
A
CH3CH = CHCH3
5
Q
2,4-dimethyl-1-pentene
A
CH2=CCH2CHCH3
| |
CH3 CH3
6
Q
nomenclature for cycloalkenes
A
- count number of carbon atoms in ring and add prefix cyclo- to parent alkene name
- the ring is numbered to give the double bond the lowest possible numbers (in the case of a cycloalkene this is always the numbers 1 and 2)
7
Q
bonding in alkenes
A
- it has combined na s orbital with two p orbitals to make three sp^2 orbitals, but still has the remaining p orbital
- the side to side overlap of the two p orbitals is referred to as a pi bond
- therefore a double bond has both a pi bond and a sigma bond
8
Q
a double bond contains ______
A
- one sima and one pi bond
9
Q
the bond angles around a carbon in a double bond are ____ and it is _____ hybridized
A
- 120, sp^2