Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons: Alkenes Flashcards

1
Q

alkenes

A
  • hydrocarbons with at least one double bond, can be straight chain, branched, or in a ring (cyclic)
  • unsaturated hydrocarbon because carbons are involved in double bond are only connected to three other atoms
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2
Q

nomenclature of alkenes

A
  1. find the longest chain of carbon atoms that contains the double bond to establish the parent name. add -ene to root name
  2. number the chain so that the carbons of the double bond are given the lowest numbers possible
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3
Q

naming alkenes

A

C Root #C Root

  1. NONE 6. - Hex-
  2. Eth- 7. - Hept-
  3. Prop- 8. - Oct-
  4. But- 9. - Non-
  5. Pent - 10. - Dec-
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4
Q

2-butene

A

CH3CH = CHCH3

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5
Q

2,4-dimethyl-1-pentene

A

CH2=CCH2CHCH3
| |
CH3 CH3

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6
Q

nomenclature for cycloalkenes

A
  1. count number of carbon atoms in ring and add prefix cyclo- to parent alkene name
  2. the ring is numbered to give the double bond the lowest possible numbers (in the case of a cycloalkene this is always the numbers 1 and 2)
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7
Q

bonding in alkenes

A
  • it has combined na s orbital with two p orbitals to make three sp^2 orbitals, but still has the remaining p orbital
  • the side to side overlap of the two p orbitals is referred to as a pi bond
  • therefore a double bond has both a pi bond and a sigma bond
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8
Q

a double bond contains ______

A
  • one sima and one pi bond
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9
Q

the bond angles around a carbon in a double bond are ____ and it is _____ hybridized

A
  • 120, sp^2
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