Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons: Alkanes Flashcards
1
Q
organic compounds
A
- covalent bonding
- weak intermolecular forces
- low melting point
- nonconductors of electricity
- combust to CO2 and H2O
- water solubility depends on H-bond to chain length ratio
2
Q
inorganic compounds
A
- ionic bonding
- strong intermolecular forces
- high melting points
- conduct electricity
- do not combust
- most have high water solubility
3
Q
bonding in carbon compounds
A
- covalent
- polar covalent
- carbon atoms will bond to themselves; a property unique to carbon
- chains, branch points, rings
4
Q
bond formation
A
- carbon: 4
- oxygen: 2
- nitrogen: 3
- hydrogen: 1
5
Q
molecular formulas
A
- lists types and numbers of atoms in a molecule
6
Q
structural formulas
A
- shows types and numbers of atoms in a molecule and they way they are bonded together
7
Q
carbon bonds
A
- single, double, and triple bonds
8
Q
alkanes
A
- hydrocarbons that have only single bonds between atoms
- since all four bonds are only single bonds, known as saturated
- C_n H_2n+2
- an example of a homologous series
- CH4
- CH3CH3
- CH3CH2CH3
- CH3CH2CH2CH3
- and so on adding a CH2
9
Q
homologous series
A
- increases by one additional carbon each time
- a series possess similar chemical properties
10
Q
chemical and physical properties of alkanes
A
- non-polar, immiscible with water
- non-polar, low chemical reactivity
11
Q
C3H8 is an example of a _____ formula
A
- molecule
12
Q
Chlorine can form a maximum of _____ bonds
A
- 1
13
Q
oxygen can form a maximum of ______ bonds
A
- 2
14
Q
hydrogen can form a maximum of ______ bonds
A
- 1
15
Q
covalent bonding is a property associated with ______ compounds
A
- organic
