PEPTIDE. PROTEINE . Flashcards

1
Q

cum se numesc proteinele care prin hidroliza dau si alti compusi, pe langa AA?

A

proteine conjugate ( PROTEIDE )

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2
Q

ce grupa prostetica au fosfoproteidele ?

A

acid fosforic

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3
Q

cum se numesc proteinele insolubile?

A

SCLEROPROTEINE

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4
Q

unde se gaseste scleroproteina colagen ?

A

piele, oase, tendoane (keratina nu e in piele)

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5
Q

unde se gaseste fibroina ( scleroproteina )

A

matase naturala

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6
Q

sub ce forma apar proteinele solubile in celule ?

A
  • forma dizolvata
  • geluri hidratate
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7
Q

in ce sunt solubile albuminele?
dar globulinele ?

A
  • in apa si solutii de electroliti (acizi, baze, saruri)
  • NUMAI ELECTROLITI
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8
Q

de unde provine caseina ?

A

lapte

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9
Q

de unde provine gluteina?

A

grau

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10
Q

de unde provine zeina?

A

porumb

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11
Q

ce fel de proces este denaturarea proteinelor?

A

fizico-chimic

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12
Q

care sunt factorii denaturanti chimici ai proteinelor ?

A
  • acizi, baze tari , FORMALDEHIDA
  • sarurile ale metalelor grele
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13
Q

care sunt factorii denaturanti FIZICI ai proteinelor?

A
  • caldura
  • radiatii ultravioleta
  • ultrasunete
  • lovire
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14
Q

ce se intampla prin incalzirea proteinelor?

A

se coaguleaza ( ex. albus de ou, cele din citoplasma si organism - deci exista la t scazute )

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15
Q

cum se mai poate face denaturarea proteinelor din albusul de ou ?

A
  • prin lovire
  • sub actiunea unor subst. cu caracter bazic ( ridica pHul)
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16
Q

ce proteina contribuie la forma corpului nostru

A

colagenul

17
Q

de cate g de proteine are nevoie org uman pe zi ?

A

70-80g
la bio: 0,5-0,7 g/kg corp

18
Q

proteinele sunt rezerva energetica . cati kj iau nastere dintr-un gram de proteina prin oxidare enzimatica?

A

17,6 (4.1 kcal la bio)

19
Q

cum se num. catalizatorii pt hidroliza proteinelor ?

A

peptidaze

20
Q

ce se intampla cu aminoacizii in exces?

A

sunt dezaminati cu acid azotos
- amoniacul eliminat prin uree sau acid uric
- restul organic transformat in zaharide sau grasimi, fol. la producerea energiei

21
Q

care sunt cei 8 AA esentiali ?

A
  1. FENILALANINA
    - VALINA
    - IZOLEUCINA
    - LEUCINA
  2. LIZINA
  3. TREONINA
    7.TRIPTOFAN
  4. METIONINA
    ( NU CISTEINA!!)
22
Q

cum se produce reactia biuretului ?
ce coloratie apare ?

A
  • se trateaza o sol. alcalina de proteina cu sulfat de cupru CuSO4
  • ALBASTRA- VIOLETA
23
Q

cum se produce reactia xantoproteica ?
ce coloratie apare?

A
  • se trateaza proteinele ce contin radicali aromatici cu acid azotic concentrat HNO3
  • galben- bruna
24
Q

ce AA contine glutationul ?

A
  • acid glutamic
  • cisteina
  • glicina
25
Q

ce rol are glutationul?

A

antioxidant

26
Q

ce masa moleculara are glutationul ?

A

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