Penicillins Flashcards
PCN is bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
bactericidal
What is PCNs MOA?
- weakens bacterial cell wall cause influx of water and rupture
- inhibits transpeptidase
- disinhibition (activation) of autolysins
What are autolysins?
bacterial enzymes used to cleave bonds in the cell wall to allow for cellular growth and division
PCN G (benzylpenicillin) used to treat which organism(s)?
- non-PCNase producing gram positive
- neisseria meningitidis
- non-PCNase producing neisseria gonorrhea
- anaerobes
-spirochetes
Treponema pallidum (causative agent for syphillus)
PCN cross sensitivity can occur with which drug?
cephalosporins
What are the PCN narrow spectrum - PCNase sensitive drugs?
- penicillin G
- penicillin V
What are the PCN narrow spectrum - PCNase resistant drugs?
- Nafcillin
- oxacillin
- dicloxacillin
What are the PCN broad spectrum drugs?
- ampicillin
- amoxicillin
What are the PCN extended spectrum drugs? -
- piperacillin
Narrow spectrum - PCNase sensitive PCN drugs are used to treat what organisms?
- streptococcus species
- Neisseria species
- many anaerobes
- spirochetes
Narrow spectrum - PCNase resistant PCN drugs are used to treat what organisms?
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Staphylococcus epidermidis
PCN broad spectrum drugs are used to treat what organisms?
- haemophilus influenza
- E coli
- proteus mirabilis
- enterococci
- neisseria gonorrhea
PCN extended spectrum drugs are used to treat what organisms?
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Enterobacter species
- proteus
- Bacteroide’s fragilis
- many klebsiella species
Narrow spectrum - PCNase resistant PCN drugs are also known as?
antistaphylococcal PCN
PCN extended spectrum drugs are also known as?
antipseudomonal penicillin
What are the PCN broad spectrum drugs are also known as?
aminopenicillins
What is the treatment of choice against MRSA?
vancomycin
What is the drug name for amoxicillin and clavulanic acid combination?
Augmentin
What is the drug name for ampicillin and sulbactam combination?
Unasyn
Zosyn is a combination of what drugs?
piperacillin and tazobactam
What is the action of tazobactam when combined with piperacillin?
inhibits B-lactamase, preventing the inactivation of pipercillin
What is the action of sulbactam when combined with ampicillin?
inhibits B-lactamase, preventing the inactivation of ampicillin
Unasyn is a combination of what drugs?
ampicillin and sulbactam
Augmentin is a combination of what drugs?
amoxicillin and clavulanic acid
What is the action of clavulanic acid when combined with amoxicillin?
inhibits B-lactamase, preventing the inactivation of amoxicillin
What is the principal target of piperacillin?
pseudomonas aeruginosa
Treponema pallidum is what type of bacteria?
spirochete
What is the causative organism for syphyllus?
treponema pallidum
