Pelvis Flashcards
What are the male and female pelvic differences?
male has narrower angle between inferior pubic rami
What makes the dimples in the back?
posterior superior iliac spine
What bone do you sit on?
ischial tuberosity
What attaches to the pubic tubercle?
inguinal ligament
What is the false pelvis?
Pelvis major
lowermost part of the abdominal cavity between the iliac fossa
What is the true pelvis?
Pelvis minor
inferior to superior pelvic aperture
contains pelvic viscera
Why is the distance between female ischial spines useful?
can determine if need c section
What are the contents of the pelvis?
1 rectum
2 bladder
3 uterus/vagina or protatate glands
Where isthe sacrotuberous ligament?
from lateral sacrum and coccyx to medial side of ischial tuberosity
Where is the sacrospinous ligament?
from lateral sacrum and coccyx to ischial spine
splits and makes 2 foramen
How does the obturator internus run?
makes 90 degree turn out lesser sciatic foramen
under ischial spine
to greater trochanter
Obturator internus
Origin inner surface of obturator membrane and rim of pubis and ischium bordering membrane
Insertion middle part of medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
action laterally rotates and stabilizes hip
nerve nerve to obturator internus L5, S1, 2
Pirifomis
Origin 2,3,4 costrotransverse bars of anterior sacrum, few fibers from superior border of greater sciatic notch
Insertion anterior part of medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
action laterally rotates and stabilzies hip
nerve anterior primary rami of S1,2
What forms the floor of the pelvic cavity?
pelvic diaphragm (levator ani + coccygeous
What covers the sacrospinal ligament?
coccygeous- from ischial spine and sacrospinous lig to coccyx
What are the levator ani muscles?
iliococcygeous
pubococcygeous
puboretalias
supplied by branches of sacral pleus S3-S5
prudential nerve helps a little
inserts on fascia of operatur inturnus on ARCUS tendonaeus (where pelvic diaphragm meets OI)
What are the 2 types of pelvic fascia?
continous with transveralis fascia
1 parietal = lines the walls of the pelvic cavity
2 visceral = loose connective tissue surrounding the viscera (continous with pareital)
Coccygeous muscle
Origin ischial spine
Insertion lower end of sacrum and coccyx
action assist the levator ani in supporting the pelvic viscera
nerve branches of 4th and 5th sacral nerves
What keeps your guts from falling out?
levator ani and coccygeous = pelvic diaphragm
Where does the opturator artery run?
branch of anterior division of internal iliac
through obturator foramen to medial thigh
What does the external iliac become?
femoral artery
after passing under inguinal ligament
What replaces the female inferior vesicle artery?
uterine artery
What are three most important pelvic nerves?
sciatic = L4-S3 pudental = S2,3,4 (S234 keeps junk off floor) Femoral = L2,3,4
What are the most important lumbosacral plexus nerves?
1 subcostal
2 iliohypogastric = belly button
3= ilioinguinal = superificial ring
4 = genitofemoral = skin on thigh cord and cremaster
5 obturator = horse riding muscles
6 = femoral = quads
7 peroneal portion of sciatic = wraps around knee
8 tibial portion of sciatic = back of lower extremities
9 nerve to obturator internusus
10 pudental
What kind of nerves are lumbar and saccral planchnics?
sympathetics
What kind of nerves are pelvic splanichnics?
parasympathetics
How do autnomics affect peen function?
parasympathetics = point (erection) + go sympathetics = shoot (ejaculartion) + stop going
Where do the splanichnics mingle?
all 3 splanchnic types mingle with all or some of the SHP), IHP, and pelvic nerves
What causes hemoroids?
blood backing up from an occluded portal system (bad liver) can cause hemorrhoids where 2 systems meet
What kind of control is internal anal sphincter under?
involuntary control
other 3 sphincters are voluntary control
Where can you feel pain?
below pectinate line only
not above
important for hemmroid location
Where does the superior rectal vein drain?
to portal system
What activates the detrusor muslce?
parasympathetic nervous system
What is the origin of the trigone in the bladder?
mesodermal in origcan
everything else is endodermal
What relaxes the internal urethral sphincter and external urethral sphincter?
parasymp
How does the prostate keep sperm viable>
provdies alkaline secretions to ejaculate which neutralize the acidic environment of the vagina
where does the uterine tube lie?
upper border of the broad ligament
Where is the utreter in relation to the uterine artery?
water under the bridge
ureter is under the uterine artery
What is anteversion and anteflexion of the uterus?
anteversion = axis of uterus is at 90 degree with that of vagina
anteflexion = axis of body of uterus is bent forward with that of the cervcix forming an angle of about 170 degree body (body of uterus is bent slightyl forward at isthmus)
What is the pouch of douglas?
clinically important for tumors or blood collection
between rectum and uterus
uterus pulled to bladder
What is the pectinate line?
separation of visceral and parietal
Where does the femur fit?
acetebulum
What meets at the trochanter?
piriformis = greater sciatic foramen
internal opturator = lesser sciatic foramen
Where does sciatic nerve run?
goes out greater sciatic formen
below piriformis
above sacrospinus ligament
travels with femoral nerve to lower extremity
Where does pudendal nerve go?
1 come out greater sciatic foramen
2 cross over sacrospinus ligament
3 back in lesser sciatic foramen
4 settles between opturator internus and pelvic diaphragm
5 fascia makes up pudendal canal = alcocks canal
with pudendal artery
What is the first branch off of the internal iliac artery?
iliolumbar (goes up)
Where does lateral sacral artery go?
goes medial to get to lateral sacral
What is archus tendinaes?
intersection of opturator internus and pelvic diaphgram
What artery feeds testicle and ovary?
testicular artery and ovarian artery
off of aorta not off of iliac
Pubic Symphysis
Joins the two pubic bones
Where is iliolumbar ligament?
L5 transverse process to iliac crest
