Cranial Nerves Flashcards
I
S
Olfactory
SVA
Foramen: cribiform plate
Innervates: olfactory nasal mucosa (smell)
II
S
Optic
SSA
Foramen: optic foramen (canal)
Innervates: rods and cones of retina (vision)
III
M
Occulomotor
GSE, GVE
Foramen: sup orbital fissure
Innervates:
1) via ciliary ganglion to sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles
2) sub, med, inf recti and inf. obl. eyeball muscles and levator palpebrae superioris
IV
M
Trochlear
GSE
Foramen: sup orbital fissure
Innervates: superior oblique eyeball muscle
V
B
trigeminal
GSE, SVE
1) Ophthalmic (sensory)
Foramen: sup orb. fissure
Innervates: skin of upper part of face (upper orbit and above)
2) maxillary (sensory)
Foramen: foramen rotundum
Innervates: skin of mid face, upper teeth, nasal and palatal mucosa
3) Mandibular (sensory and motor)
Foramen: foramen ovale
Innervates: skin of lower face and jaw, floor of mouth, mucosa and ant 2/3 tongue, lower teeth and gums, ear pinna and canal
Motor to muscles of mastication, ant. belly of digast., tensor tympani, mylohyoid, tensor palatini (first arch muscle)
VI
M
Abducens
GSE
Foramen: sup. orbital fissure
Innervates: motor to lateral rectus muscle (LR6)
VII
B
Facial
GVA, SVA,GSA,GVE,SVE
Foramen: internal auditory meatus
Innervates:
1) deep sensation from soft palate
2) taste buds from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
3) sens from small pat of ear pinna
4) motor to submand and subling gls., lacrimal gls., glands of nasal mucosa
5) motor to musc., facial expression, post belly diagastric, stylohyoid, stapedius
VIII
S
Acoustic
SSA
Foramen: internal auditory meatus
Innervates:
1) organ of corti in cochlear duct
2) semicircular canals, utricle, saccule
IX
B
Glossopharyngeal
GVA, SVA,GSA,GVE,SVE
Foramen: jugular foramen
Innervates:
1) deep sens from post tongue, soft palate, pharynx, mucosa of tymp. cavity, post auditory tube, carotid body and sinus
2) taste buds post 1/3 of tongue and adjacent pharynx
3) gen sens from small part of ear pinna and canal
4) parotid salivary gland (secretomotor)
5) stylopharyngeaus muscle
X
B
Vagus
GVA,SVA,GSA,GVE,SVE
Foramen: jugular foramen
Innervates:
1) visc sens from pharynx, esoph, trachea, larynx and abdom visc
2) taste buds in epiglottis and glottis
3) sens from small part of ear pinna, canal, and tymp membr
4) thoracic and abdominal viscera
5) muscles of pharynx and larynx, lev palatini and cricothyroid
XI
M
Spinal accessory
SVE
Foramen: mag and jugular
Innervates:
motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
XII
M
Hypoglossal
GSE
Foramen: hypoglossal canal
Innervates: intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (palatoglossus excepted)
GSE
general somatic efferent
motor to voluntary muscle
GSA
gen somatic afferent
sensation from skin, muscle, joint
GVE
gen visceral eff
motor to smooth muscle and glands
GVA
gen visceral aff
sensation from internal organs
SVE
special visceral eff
volunary motor to pharyngeal arch
SVA
special visceral aff
taste and smell
SSA
special somatic aff
vision hearing and balance
What are the holes in the eye skull?
Standing room only stupid
Superior orbital fissure (3,4,V1, 6)
Foramen rotundum (V2)
Foramen ovale (V3)
Spinosum (middle meningeal artery)
What muscles of mastication are motored by V3?
masseter
temporalis
lateral and medial pterygoid
PLUS anterior belly digastric mylohyoid tensor veli palatini tensor tympani
What are all of the nerves that move the eyeball?
3, 4, 6
What is nerves innervate eye muscles?
LR6 (SO4)3
Lateral rectus- 6
Superior rectus-4
Everything else- 3
What nerve opens that pupil wide?
sympathetics (tarsal muscle of Mueller)
What the functions of the oblique muscles?
IO UO SO DO
inferior oblique moves eye up and out
superior oblique moves eye down and out
What nerves have parasympathetics?
3, 7, 9, 10
3, 7, 9 use branches of 5
7, 9, 10 taste function
Why is chorda typamni tested a lot?
branch of 7
efferent parasym fibers to submandibular and sublingual gland
afferent anterior 2/3 tongue sensory info to brain
Jumps on branch of 5 (lingual n)
Greater petrosal nerve also jumps on branch of 5. Target is lacrimal, snot making nasal and pterogopalatine glands.
What is the number 1 cause of Bell’s palsy?
Viral infection
Can’t taste, dry mouth, can cry- lesion brtween greater petriosal nerve and chorda tympani
What nerve do you use to see?
CN II
What nerve to Focus (lens)?
CN III (ciliary muscle)
What nerve to Bright light?
CN III (sphinter pupillae)
What nerve to Open your eyes?
CN III (levator palpebrae)
What nerve to Force eyes close?
CN VII
What goes through jugular foramen?
9, 10, 11
What does vagus mean?
wanders into thorax and abdomen
parasympathenic innervation of organs
slows the heart while speeding up digestion
What is the interesting origin of accessary nerve XI?
originates in Spinal cord
through foramen magnum into cranium
leaves jugular foramen
What happens if accessary nerve lesioned?
inability to shrug shoulder on same side (trapezius)
or turn head to opposite side
All muscles except one ending in glossus are intervated by CN 12. What is the exception?
palatoglossus (CN X)
What happens if lesion to right CN III?
Right eye. downward and outward gaze, dilated pupil, eyelid manually elevated due to ptosis. cant bring eye medially.
What happens if lesion to CN VII
Bells palsy
What happens if lesion to right CN XI?
cant shrug right shoulder
What happens if lesion to right CN XII?
Tongue bent to right
What happens if lesion to left CN VI?
when looking toward left, left eye does not abduct so stays straight
What does the vagus sit between?
Jugular and common carotid
What sensory innervates the tongue?
Ant 2/3
Reg = 5
Taste = 7
Post 1/3
Reg and Taste= 9
Epiglottis taste = 10
All muscles innervated by 12 except palatoglossal
