Autonomics Flashcards
Parasympathetic nervous system
rest and giest
placid
peaceful
calm
Sympathetic
feed fight flee fuck stressed irritale afraid all jacked up
Where do parasympathetics originate>
brainstem (CN III, VII, IX, X)
and and sacral cord (S2-S4)
Where do sympathetics originate?
Spinal cord (T1-L2) lateral horns of gray matter of spina cord
Do fibers come from the brain?
No, they come from the root
Do brainstem cranial nerve have any symptatheic function?
NO
parasympathetic only
What is a preganglionic neuron?
fiber before synapse/ganglia
Where do sympathetic preganglionic neurons go?
ventral root-> white rami -> enter sympathetic trunk
motor (ventral)
Where are sympathetic ganglionic neurons located?
in sympathetic chain ganglia or collateral ganglia outside sympathetic trunk
Describe sympathetic pre ganglionic fibers?
short and myelinated
“short arm/long fingers”
EXCEPT splanchnics
Describe sympathetic post ganglionic fibers?
long and unmyelinated
What is vasomotor tone?
Sympathetic tone- always basal level of sympathetic
Where do parasympathetic preganglionic neurons go?
through cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X and S2-S4 to synpase with peripheral ganglia located near or on effector organ
Where are parasympathetic ganglionic neurons located?
within peripheral ganglia
Describe parasympathetic preganglionic fibers?
long and myelinated
“long arm/short fingers”
Describe parasympathetic post ganglionic fibers
short and not myelinated
What neurotransmitters are used in sympathetic?
pregang- Ach
Postgang- NE
What neurotransmitters are used in parasympathetic?
Pregang AND postgang- Ach
Where do splanchnics synapse?
close to visceral target
pregang exception to short/long rule for sympathetics
How do autonomics relate to peni?
parasym- erection (point)
symp- ejaculation (shoot)
What are the prevertebral splancnics?
Greater splancnic
come out of lateral horn in thoracic cord
dont synpase- go to aorta and synapse with coeliac ganglion
T5-9 = coeliac ganglion
T7-L1= superior mesenteric gang
T12 renal gang
T9-T10 inferior mesenteric gang
What does X do?
slows heart and speed up digestion
What is a spancnic?
Does not synapase on chain ganglia
Where is the lateral horn of chain?
only present in thoracic cord
what is a ramus?
Attach ganglia to spinal nerve
What is white vs gray fibers?
WIGO
white in grey out
white myelinated enter the sympathetic chain glangia
Grey unmyelinated exit the chain ganglia
How do post ganglionic sympathetic fibers get to target if there are no lateral horn (IML) in the cervical cord?
pre gang travel up from thoracic cord to wrap around blood vessels and follow peripheral nerves to travel with artery to get to target and synapse in the superior, middle, and inferior cervical chain ganglia
ie. dilator pupillae, tarsal muscle of eyelid, sweating of face
What forms the enteric nervous system?
myenteric plexus (Auerbachs) and submucosal plexus (Meissners)
What is Hirschprungs disease?
myenteric plexus ganglion cells missing because neural crest cells fail to migrate into large intestine during fetal development. Presents with baby failing to pass meconium (first stool) after delivery.
What is miosis, ptosis, anhidrosis?
miosis= constricted pupil ptosis= drooping eye lid anhidrosis= not sweating
What is horners syndrome?
miosis, ptosis, anhydrosis on same side
lost sympathetics- cut
history of tachycardia. Beta blockers prescibed with hinhibit action of norepineprhinse. Why?
post gang sympathetic fibers release NE at the their target cells which increases heart rate
Trouble seeing at night whch is not related to his retina or carrot consuptions. What may be the cause?
he lost sympathetic innervation to his pupil
What cranial nerves have parasympathetic function?
3, 7, 9, 10
What ganglion do parasympathethic system use?
CPOS
cillary (3),otic (9), pterygopalatine (7), submandibular (7)
What do splancnics do?
pelvic = parasympathatic
from nuclei in scaral cord
pee, poop, point
sacral = sympathetic
stop pee, stop poop, shoot
Where do parasympathethic CPOS go?
cillary (3)- cillary body, comonodation sphinter pupillae constricts (small pupil, round lens)
otic (9), - parotid secrets (saliva)
pterygopalatine (7)-
cry baby lacrimal grands (tears and snot)
submandibular (7)- submandibular and sublingual glands secret (saliva)
What do 3, 7, 9, use to get to target ganglia?
branches of 5
10 does NOT hitch a ride
Where does greater petrosal nerve go?
Joins sympathetics in nerve of pterygoid canal
Where do sympathetics go?
Travel up carotid to oppose parasympathetics. they do not synapse in the ptygopalatine ganglion
Face paralyzed on both sides with Bell’s palsy. What else is affected?
loss of taste- anterior tongue
loss of tears
