Pelvic Limb Lecture Flashcards
Fascia of the pelvis and pelvic limb
Deep gluteal
Lateral femoral (fascia lata)
Crural fascia
What is a joint formed by muscles with no bony connections?
Synsarcosis
Extensors of the hip
Gluteal and Hamstring
what are the gluteal muscles?
Superficial, deep, and middle
Origins of gluteal muscles
deep gluteal fascia
Parts of sacrotuberous ligament
Ilium and ishium
Insertion of superficial gluteal muscles
3rd trochanter
Insertion of middle and deep gluteal
Greater trochanter of femer
Action of gluteal muscles
Extend hip Abduct limb (not a profound function)
What is the largest gluteal muscle?
Middle gluteal
What makes the lumbosacral plexus?
Obturator n
Femoral n
Sciatic n
What is the gluteal muscle found only in cats?
gluteofemoralis muscle
What innervates the superficial gluteal muscles?
Caudal gluteal nerves
What nerve innervates the middle and deep gluteal?
Cranial gluteal nerve
Cranial gluteal n. lies on top of the deep gluteal
What makes up the Hamstring muscle group?
biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
Origin for the hamstrings
O: ischiatic tuberosity
(sacrotuberous ligament for biceps femoris)
I: patellar ligament, tibial tuberosity, medial aspect of distal femor (common calcanean tendon)
action of Caudal (hamstring) group
Extend hip (provides thrust to propel animal forward) extend/flex stifle (biceps femoris) extend tarsus (biceps femoris and semitendinosus)
Name the order of hamstring muscles from most cranial to caudal
biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
lymph node found in the stifle region
Popliteal lymph node
Nerve supply to the hamstring muscle group
sciatic n.
tibial n.
popliteal n.
common fibular n.
Flexors of the hip 3
Iliopsoas
Tensor fascia latae
rectus femoris
origin and insertion of iliopsoas
O: transverse processes and bodies of lumbar vertebrae and ventral surface of ilium
I: lesser trochanter of femur
Action of iliopsoas
Flex hip (primary flexor of hip) Flex vertebral column
origin and insertion of tensor fascia latae
O: tuber coxae and adjacent surface of ilium
I: lateral femoral fascia
Action of the tensor fascia latae
flex hip extend stifle (along with quadriceps femoris)
Tensor fascia latae is innervated by which nerve?
cranial gluteal n.
Which muscle lies on the hip joint capsule, deep to the deep gluteal muscle, and is a surgical landmark in the area?
aritcularis coxae
How can the pelvic limb move?
adduct (medial muscles of thigh)
Rotate (small pelvic association)
Abduct (gluteal muscles)
Where are adductors of the pelvic limb found?
medial aspect of the thigh
What are the muscles of the medial thigh (femoral region)? 3
Gracilis
Adductor
Pectineus
Origin and Insertion of medial thigh muscles?
O: ilium
symphysial tendon
prepubic tendon
associated areas of pubis and ischium
I: distal caudal part of femur and cranial border of tibia
Action of the medial thigh muscles?
adduct the limb (anti-slipping muscles)
What muscles lie deep to the gracilis and Sartorius muscles?
Adductor and Pectineus
Nerve supply to the adductor muscles
Obturator n.
Muscles that rotate the pelvic limb? (4)
external obturator, internal obturator, gemelli, quadratus femoris
origin of muscles that rotate the pelvic limb
O :dorsal and ventral surfaces of pubis and ischium and associated areas
I;Trochanteric fossa and intertrochanteric crest of femur
what is the action of the external obturator, internal obturator, gemelli, and quadratus femoris?
Rotate limb
What innervates the internal obturator, quadratus femoris and gemelli muscles?
sciatic n.
What innervates the external obturator?
Obturator n.
What is the primary extensor of the stifle joint?
Quadriceps femoris
What muscles make up the quadriceps femoris?
Rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis
What is the origin for the quadriceps femoris muscles?
Origin and Insertion
O: Rectus femoris- ilium
Vastus heads- Proximal aspects of the femur
I:Tibial tuberosity via patella and patellar ligament (intercalated in tendon of insertion is patella-large seasamoid bone)
Action of the Quadriceps femoris?
Extend stifle Flex hip (rectus femoris only)
Quadriceps femoris surround all parts of the femur except?
caudally
? is a large sesamoid bone intercalated in the tendon of insertion for the quadriceps femoris on the tibial tuberosity
Patella
Innervation for the flexors of the hip and extensors of the stifle
Femoral n
Saphenous n.
What nerve is observed as it emerges through the iliopsoas muscle and then enters into the rectus femoris muscle?
Femoral n.
A branch of the femoral n. that initially travels along with the femoral vein and artery and provides sensory innervation to the medial thigh/leg
Saphenous n.
The popliteus muscle’s action in the leg?
Rotate leg medially
Origin and insertion of the popliteus muscle
Origin - lateral epicondyle of femur
Insertion - Caudal surface of proximal third of tibia
What innervates the popliteus muscle?
tibial branch of sciatic n.
T/F: Popliteus muscle lies deep to gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor
TRUE
What are the 2 parts of the Sartorius muscle?
Cats?
cranial and caudal
undivided in cats
innervation to the Sartorius muscle
Femoral n.
What is the deep, caudal part of the middle gluteal muscle
Piriformis muscle
