Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Male Repro > Flashcards

Male Repro Flashcards

1
Q

8 examples of clinical relevancy of male anatomy

A

Neutering
Cryptorchidism (hereditary)-unilateral or bilateral
Penile tumors/cysts/hypospadias
Posthitis snake bite. Persistent frenulum
Ectopic ureter/patent urachus
Bladder stones (calculi)
Hypospadias
Prostatic hyperplasia/inflammation and cysts (PBH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Other terms for neutering

A

Castration

Orchiectomy

Orchidectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Benefits of neutering

A

Population control

Medical benefits

Behavioral modification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Unilateral cryptorchidism

A

Dog is fertile but there is a tendency for this to be inherited. Males possessing this should not be bred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Penile TVT

A

Transmissible venereal tumor

-Cauliflower-like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ectopic ureter

-common in what age and sex

A

Common in 3-6 mo old dogs

Females affected 8x more frequently than males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Patent urachus

A

Urachus is a tube that connects the fetal urinary bladder with the allantois during fetal life….

If problem, urine can leak out of umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

X-ray general positioning for pelvis

A

Ventro-dorsal projection

Lateral projection

Frog-legged projection (extended hip)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Frog-legged projection good for

A

View of hip and pelvic inlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pelvic outlet boundaries

A

Dorsal:Cd1
Ventral:Ischial arch
Lateral:ST ligament and muscles of pelvic diaphragm (dog)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tom penis orientation and phenotype

A

Caudally directed penis (flaccid)
Cranally directed during copulation

Keratinized spines (induce ovulation in the queen). Regress by castration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dog vs Cat

Scrotum/testes orientation

A

Cat=vertical/close to anus

Dog=horizontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dog vs Cat

Flaccid penis

A

Cat=faces caudally

Dog=faces cranially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dog vs Cat accessory sex gland

A

Cat=prostate/bulbourethral glands

Dog=Prostate-ampullary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Paired gonads make

A

Male gametes (spermatozoa) and hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Paired duct system

A

Epididymis and ductus deferens

-Convey exocrine products to urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Accessory sex glands

A

Contribute to bulk of semen (seminal fluid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Male urethra

A

Serves for passage of both urine and semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Penis

A

Copulatory organ

-Deposits semen within female repro tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Scrotum

A

Skin adaption (testis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Prepuce (sheath)

A

Skin adaption (penis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Orientation of testicles in dog

A

Horizontal with cranial pole facing cranially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Orientatin of testicles in cat

A

Vertical with cranial pole facing ventrally

Caudal pole–>Anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Function of the testes

A

Produces spermatozoa and male sex hormones (testosterone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Function of scrotum

A

Protects and supports testis

Regulates testicular temperature (sweat glands)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the testicular layers?

A

Scrotal wall

Partietal peritoneum

Extension of Peritoneal cavity

Visceral peritoneum

Testicular capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What makes up the scrotal wall?

A

Skin

Tunica dartos

Spermatic fascia/Scrotal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What makes up the parietal peritoneum in testes?

A

Parietal vaginal tunic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What makes up the extension of the peritoneal cavity of the testes?

A

Vaginal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What makes up the visceral peritoneum of the testes?

A

Visceral vaginal tunic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What makes up the testicular capsule?

A

Tunica Albunigena testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What makes up the scrotal fascia?

A

External spermatic fascia

Internal spermatic fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the time frame of testicular descent?

A

Starts about day 3 after birth

Completes about day 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are some exceptions of testicular descent time frame?

A

Elephants, rhinos, seals, crocodiles, whales and dolphins, birds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are some clinical significant cases of testicular descent?

A

Cryptorchidism- hidden testis within the abdomen or inguinal canal

Inguinal hernias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What helps the testes descend to the scrotum?

A

Gubernaculum testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Explain the development of testes

A

Develop behind the kidneys and descend to scrotum after birth via help of gubernaculum testis

38
Q

What hormone is involved with testicular descent that helps with enlargement of testes?

A

Insulin-like factor 3 (descendine)

39
Q

T/F Testis and gubernaculum passes the inguinal canal

A

True

40
Q

What are the 3 remnants of the gubernaculum

A

Proper ligament of the testis

Ligament of the tail of the epididymus

Scrotal ligament (dartos to external scrotal fascia)

41
Q

What is the temperature for spermatogenesis?

A

At about 5 degrees F of core body temp

42
Q

T/F Spermatogenesis is positively affected in crptorchid testis

A

F

Negatively affected

43
Q

T/F Hormonal function of spermatogenesis is not affected by temperature

A

T

44
Q

What are structures involved in testicular thermoregulation

A

Scrotum-sweat glands

Pampiniform plexus (counter current)

Tunica dartos

Cremaster m

45
Q

What is the site of final maturation and storage of sperm

A

Epididymis

46
Q

What connects the testis with ductus deferens

A

Epididymis

47
Q

What are 3 parts of the epidiymis

A

head

body

tail

48
Q

What is used in perineal hernias to prevent bladder retro flexion

A

ductus deferens

49
Q

What is the diverticulum of peritoneum present in both sexes

A

Vaginal process

50
Q

What does the vaginal process cover in males? What is it called?

A

Covers spermatic cord

Called vaginal tunic

51
Q

What are some contents of the vaginal tunic

A

Pampiniform plexus

Ductus deferens

Testicular lymph vessels

Autonomic n (sympathetic)

Visceral vaginal tunic

52
Q

What is the structure called where the testicular v wraps around the testicular a

A

Pampiniform plexus

53
Q

What are the parts of the visceral vaginal tunic

A

Mesoductus deferns

Mesorchium

54
Q

What makes up the spermatic cord?

A

Veins of pampiniform plexus

Testicular a

Ductus deferns

55
Q

What are structures that pass thru inguinal canal?

A

Vaginal tunic (and contesnts of spermatic cord)

Cremaster m

External pudendal a and v

Genitofemoral n

56
Q

What is the primary copulatory organ and what does it do?

A

Penis-ejects semen and urine

57
Q

What are the 3 regions of the penis

A

Root
Body
Glans

58
Q

The root of the penis includes

A

2 crura (ischiatic tuberosity) +bulb of the penis

59
Q

The body of the penis expands from

A

The ends of the crura to glans

60
Q

What are the 2 parts of the glans penis

A

Bulbus glandis

Pars longa glandis

61
Q

What are the penis erectile tissues

A

Corpus cavernosum

Corpus spongiosum

62
Q

Of the penis erectile tissues, which are paired dorsal bodies?

A

corpus cavernosum

63
Q

T/F Corpus spongiosum has paired ventral body

A

F

Unpaired

64
Q

What is the corpus cavernosum surrounded by

A

Tunica albuginea penis

65
Q

What does the corpus spongiosum contain

A

Spongy urethra and expands distally at the glans

66
Q

What is the distal 3-4 inches of the CCP

A

os penis

Ossified

67
Q

T/F The tom has an os penis that is poorly developed

A

T

68
Q

What is the sheath of skin that surrounds and protects the penis

A

Prepuce

69
Q

What makes up the prepuce

A

preputial ostium

outer lamina (haired)

inner lamina

fornix

preputial cavity

70
Q

What does the inner lamina of the prepuce contain

A

Lymphoid follicles

Preputial glands

71
Q

What are the accessory sex glands of the dog

A

Prostate

Ampullary gland (ampulla of the ductus deferens)

72
Q

What are the accessory sex glands of the tom

A

Prostate

Bublourethral gland

73
Q

What is the importance of the bulbourethral gland in cats?

A

Landmark for perineal urethrostomy

74
Q

What is the importance of the retractor penis in cats f

or surgery?

A

Perineal urethrostomy in cats

75
Q

What are the two parts of the urethra?

A

Intra-pelvic urethra

2-Penile urethra

76
Q

T/F Male dog has long pre-prostatic part of urethra

A

F

Tom

77
Q

What is the structure of the urethra located in the prostate?

A

Urethral crest

Colliculus seminalis

78
Q

What is a common urethral obstruction problem for dogs

A

Urethral calculi- behind os penis

79
Q

What is a common urethral obstruction problem for toms

A

Urethral plug- at tip of penis

80
Q

What nerve helps with erection

A

Pelvic

81
Q

What nerves helps with ejaculation?

A

Hypogastric

82
Q

What nerve stimulates muscles of the urogenital triangle

A

pudendal

83
Q

What nerve stimulates erection and ejaculation

A

pedudenal

84
Q

Is the pudendal nerve somatic or motor

A

Both

85
Q

WHere does the pudendal n originate

A

S1-S3

86
Q

What nerves stimulates sensation with the glans penis

A

Dorsal n

87
Q

What muscles are involved in erections in male and female

A

Constrictor vestibuli (female)

Ischiourethralis (male)

88
Q

What muscle in female is involved with coital tie

A

Coital tie Constrictor vestibuli

89
Q

What are hemodynamic changes during erection?

A

Increased arterial blood inflow

Decreased venous outflow

90
Q

The pressure from erections stem from

A

Engorged vestibular bulb

Constrictor vestibuli m

91
Q

What is the mechanism of erection?

A

1st stage coitus

“The Turn”- discourages detumescence

Second stage coitus: encourages uterine rather than vaginal insemination

92
Q

What is the coital tie?

A

Maximal engorement of bulbus glandis

  • The system becomes closed
  • This makes the penis hard and firm and capable of intromission and coitus

Anatomy (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions