Dog Head Lecture

Question 1

How many pairs of CN are there?

Answer 1

12

Question 2

What are the muscles of mastication?

Answer 2

Temporalis m

Masseter m

Digastricus m

Medial and lateral pterygoid
m

Question 3

What is the only muscle that opens the jaw

Answer 3

Digastricus

Question 4

What is the center of rotation for muscles of mastication?

Answer 4

Temporomandibular joint (condylar process)

Question 5

Do muscles of mastication produce action when they are shortened or lengthened?

Answer 5

Shortened

Question 6

What are the muscles of mastication innervated by>

Answer 6

Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Question 7

What part of the digastricus is innervated by the trigeminal n?

Answer 7

Rostral pt

Question 8

What innervates the caudal part of the digastricus?

Answer 8

Facial n (CN VII)

Question 9

What are the superficial muscles of facial expression?

Answer 9

Orbicularis oculi m

Levator nasolabialis m

Orbicularis oris m

Zygomasticus m

Platysma

Question 10

What are superficial facial expression muscles innervated by?

Answer 10

Facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 11

What are 2 salivary glands that open into vestibule of the mouth?

Answer 11

Zygomatic salivary gland (1st PM)

Parotid salivary gland (4th PM)

Question 12

What are 2 salivary glands that meet at the sublingual caruncle?

Answer 12

Sublingual SG (polystomotic part)

Mandibular SG

Question 13

What are the openings called of the vestibule of the mouth and sublingual caruncle

Answer 13

Vestibule of mouth

• Orifice of major zygomatic duct
• Orifice of parotid duct

Sublingual caruncle

• Orifice of mandibular duct
• Orifice of sublingual duct

Question 14

What does the pharynx do?

Answer 14

Connect nasal caivty with the larynx and the oral cavity with the esophagus

Question 15

Trace passage of air when inhaled

Answer 15

Nasal cavity
Through choana
Nasopharynx
Larynx
Trachea

Question 16

Trace passage of food when ingested

Answer 16

Over tongue
Oral cavity
Through palatoglossal arches
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Through pharyngoesophageal limen
Esophagus

Question 17

What makes up the “upper esophageal sphincter” and are considered pharyngeal muscles

Answer 17

Hyopharyngeus

Thyropharyngeus

Question 18

Where is the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube?

Answer 18

Nasopharynx

Question 19

What are the 3 fxns of the larynx in order of importance

Answer 19

Protect the lower airway by preventing inspiration of foreign material

Permits abdominal press (how we poop, cough, give birth)

Vocalization

Question 20

What are the types of cartilages found in larynx and which has 2?

Answer 20

Epiglottic cartilage

Thyroid cartilage

Arytenoid cartilage (TWO)

Cricoid cartilage “class ring”

Question 21

What is dorsally attached to arytenoid cartilages?

Answer 21

Vocal folds

Question 22

What does the Glottis consist of?

Answer 22

Both arytenoid cartilages

Both vocal folds

Rima glottidis (space btw vocal folds and arytenoid cartilages)

Question 23

Vocal apparatus AKA

Answer 23

Glottis

Question 24

What are the intrinsic laryngeal muscles

Answer 24

Thyropharyngeus

Sternothyroideus

Cricothyroideus

Thyrohyoideus

Question 25

What innervates the pharyngeal muscles?

Answer 25

Vagus n (CN X) Glossopharyngeal (CN XI) n

Question 26

What innervates the intrinsic laryngeal muscles and what is the exception

Answer 26

Recurrent laryngeal Exception: cricothyroideus m which is innervated by cranial laryngeal n both both arise from CN X

Question 27

T/F Tears come out of the ventral opening of the alar fold

Answer 27

T

Question 28

What are important paranasal sinuses

Answer 28

Frontal sinus Maxillary sinus

Question 29

What is the average age a dogs permanent teeth errupted by?

Answer 29

6 mo

Question 30

What helps puppy grasp nipple to nurse on tongue?

Answer 30

Marginal papillae

Question 31

What are the lymph nodes in the head

Answer 31

Facial LN Mandibular LN Parotid LN Medial retropharyngeal LN

Question 32

Entropion

Answer 32

Inward turning of the margins of upper/or lower lids

Question 33

Ectropion

Answer 33

Flaccid outward sagging of the palpebrae

Question 34

Glaucoma

Answer 34

Increase in intraocular pressure with subsequent opacity of the cornea and/or lens

Question 35

Conjunctivitis

Answer 35

Inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva

Question 36

Keratoconjunctivitis sica

Answer 36

Insufficiency of tears with subsequen drying of the conjunctiva and cornea

Question 37

Coreanl abrasion

Answer 37

The cornea is scratched, torn, or ulcerated

Question 38

Inflammation of superficial gland of 3rd eyelid

Answer 38

Inflammation or hypertrophy of lymphofollicular tissue on the deep surface of the third eyelid and prolapse of the gland

Question 39

Cataract

Answer 39

Opacity of the lens

Question 40

Cleft palate

Answer 40

May involve the hard platate, soft palate or both

Question 41

Sialoadentitis

Answer 41

inflammation of salivary glands

Question 42

Sialoliths

Answer 42

Stone formation in the salivary ducts or glands

Question 43

Salivary mucocele

Answer 43

Dilation of salivary duct

Question 44

Ranula

Answer 44

Dilation specific to the duct of the sublingual salivary gland

Question 45

Aural hematoma

Answer 45

Swelling of the pinna resulting from rupture of blood vesels

Question 46

Otitis media

Answer 46

Inflammation of middle ear

Question 47

Otitis externa

Answer 47

Inflammation of external ear

Question 48

Otitis interna

Answer 48

Inflammation of inner ear

Question 49

Tonsillitis

Answer 49

Any oral infection

Question 50

Masticatory (eosinophilic myositis)

Answer 50

Stiffening of masseter muscle due to Chlostridium tetani Autoimmune disease

Question 51

Epiphora

Answer 51

Defectice nasolacrimal drainage resulting in tears spilling down across the face