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Anatomy > Cranial Nerve lecture > Flashcards

Cranial Nerve lecture Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory n

->Sense of smell

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2
Q

Olfactory neurons originate where

A

Olfactory epithelium of the caudal nasal mucosa

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3
Q

Where do olfactory neuronal axons pass?

A

Through cribiform plate to reach olfactory bulb of the brain

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4
Q

Relevance of CN I

A

Anosmia (loss of sense of smell)

Detector dogs

Search and rescue dogs

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5
Q

CN II

A

Optic n

->Vision, pupil size, visual reflexes/responses

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6
Q

Where do optic n originate?

A

Retina (ganglion cells)

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7
Q

Optic n neuronal axons leave where to form what

A

Leave eye at optic disc to form optic n

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8
Q

Where is visual info relayed?

A

Occipital cortex

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9
Q

Pupillary Light Reflex uses what n?

A

CN II- Optic
->Sensory

CN III-Oculomotor
->Motor

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10
Q

Menace Response uses what n?

A

CN II- Optic
->Sensory

CN VII- Facial (blink-orbicularis oculi)
_>Motor

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11
Q

What n is involved with vision, PLR and menace response?

A

Optic n

CN II

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12
Q

What n are in charge of eye movement. What muscles do all of the control?

A

CN III-Oculomotor

CN IV- Trochlear

CN VI- Abducent

Extraocular muscles (skeletal muscle)

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13
Q

Oculomotor n (CN III) muscles

A

DMV rectus
Ventral oblique
Levator palebrae superioris

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14
Q

Trochlear n (CN IV) muscles

A

Dorsal oblique

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15
Q

Abducent n (CN VI) muscles

A

L rectus

Rectractor bulb

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16
Q

Strabismus

A

Altered eye position

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17
Q

CN III dysfunction may result in

A

Dilated pupil

parasympathetic component

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18
Q

Ventrolateral strabismus w/dilated pupil can be caused by

A

CN III

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19
Q

Extorsion can be caused by

A

CN IV

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20
Q

Medial strabismus can be caused by

A

CN VI

21
Q

What are some oculomotor (CN III) fxns?

A

Extraocular muscle control

Constrictor muscle of pupil (sphincter pupillae)

22
Q

Where does CN III originate

A

Brainstem and supplies motor innervation to extraocular muscles and constrictor muscle of pupil

23
Q

For pupil symmetry/size describe CN II and III

A

II=sensory

III=constriction, parasymp

24
Q

For pupil symmetry/size explain sympathetic involvement

A

Dilation with excitement

Originates from T1-T2 (pregang) and travels in vagosymp trunk (cervical symp compoent) to cranial cervical ganglion (postgang)

25
Q

CN V

  • Sensory
  • Motor
A

Trigeminal n

Sensory-face, eye, mouth

Motor-muscles of mastication

26
Q

3 branches of trigeminal n (CN V)

A

Ophthalmic (sensory)

Maxillary (sensory)

Mandibular (sensory and motor)

27
Q

CN VII

A

Facial n

28
Q

Fxns of CN VII (facial n)

A

Muscles of facial expression (menace response-blink)

Sensory to inner pinna of ear

Taste rostral 2/3s of tongue (chorda tympani branch travels with lingual n of V)

Parasymp to lacrimal gland. salivary glands

29
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

->Hearing and balance

30
Q

Components of CN VIII

A

Vestibular component (relays sensory info for BALANCE)

Auditory component (hearing)

31
Q

Test to measure effectiveness of CN VIII

A

Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response Test (BAER)

32
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal n

33
Q

Fxns of CN IX (Glossopharyngeal n)

A

Gag response (sensory and motor to pharynx)

Sensory caudal 1/3 tongue (including taste)

Carotid sinus (baroreceptors), carotid body (chemoreceptor)

Parasympathetic to salivary gland (ANS, parotid, zygomatic)

34
Q

CN X

A

Vagus n

35
Q

CN X fxns

A

Gag response (Sensory and motor to pharynx)

Sensory to viscera supplied by the vagus (distal ganglion of the vagus)

Parasympathetic to viscera (ANS)

Carries recurrent laryngeal n (motor to larynx via caudal laryngeal n (motor to larynx via caudal laryngeal n)

Cranial laryngeal (cricothyroid muscle, laryngeal mucosa)

36
Q

Explain CN X (Vagus n) innervation to larynx

A

Recurrent laryngeal n becomes caudal laryngeal n and supplies all of muscles of larynx EXCEPT CRICOTHYROID

Cranial laryngeal n innervates cricothyroid muscle and laryngeal mucosa

37
Q

Explain what n would be involved with laryngeal paralysis

A

CN X

Arytenoids would not be able to open easy to allow food to pass. To fix, tie back one side of arytenoid BUT it will always remain open and can lead to aspirating pneumonia.

38
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory n

Motor to trapezius and other neck muscles

39
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

Motor to tongue muscles (intrinsic and extrinsic)

40
Q

What n comes out of the orbital fissure?

A

CN 3,4,5(ophthalmic n),6

41
Q

What n comes out of the optic canal?

A

CN 2

42
Q

What n comes out of the rostral alar foramen?

A

CN 5 (maxiallary n)

43
Q

What n comes out of oval foramen?

A

CN 5 (mandibular)

44
Q

What n comes out of the hypoglossal canal?

A

CN 12

45
Q

What n comes out of the tympano-occipital fissure?

A

CN 9, 10, 11

46
Q

What are branches of mandibular branch of CN 5

A

Inferior alveolar n

Lingual n

47
Q

What branch of facial n travels with lingual n of CN 5 (mandibular branch)

A

Chorda tympani

48
Q

What are branches of CN 7

A

Palpebral n

Rostral auricular n

Auriculopalpebral n

Anatomy (22 decks)

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