Pediatric Obesity: Health Implications

Question 1

BMI is less specific for ____________ in the 85th to 95th percentile.

Answer 1

excess adiposity

Question 2

“Severely obese” children have a BMI greater than the ________. Why is this an important delineation?

Answer 2

99th percentile; because in this range comorbidities rise sharply

Question 3

___________ (a sign on the BMI chart) is predictive of future obesity.

Answer 3

Early nadir –happening around 3 years of age as opposed to the normal 4 years

Question 4

What three things have been shown to be increased by childhood obesity?

Answer 4

• Carotid atherosclerosis
• T2DM
• Hypertension

Question 5

What is it called when obesity impedes lung opening?

Answer 5

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome

Question 6

Acanthosis nigricans is thought to be caused by _________.

Answer 6

excess insulin acting on IGFR

Question 7

Hypothyroidism is associated with what growth patterns?

Answer 7

Obesity and poor linear growth

Question 8

Pain in the knee and groin in an obese child can be a sign of _________________.

Answer 8

slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

Question 9

What are the principles of motivational interviewing?

Answer 9

• Open-ended questions
• Affirmations
• Reflections
• Roll with resistance
• Reframing
• Summaries

Question 10

A BMI of greater than 120% of the 95th percentile corresponds to ________ in adults.

Answer 10

stage II obesity (this also approximates the 99th percentile in kids)

Question 11

What percent of U.S. children are obese?

Answer 11

18%

Question 12

Weight-for-length charts should be used for children younger than _________.

Answer 12

2 years

Question 13

What is the 5210 plan?

Answer 13

5 servings of fruits or vegetables per day
2 hours or less of screen time
1 hour or more of physical activity
0 sugar-sweetened beverages

Question 14

What BMI range is considered healthy weight?

Answer 14

5th - 85th percentile

Question 15

True or false: obesity is more common in adolescents compared to children.

Answer 15

False.

Question 16

70% of obese children had two or more of the following lab abnormalities: _______________.

Answer 16

• low HDL
• high LDL
• high blood pressure
• insulin resistance

Question 17

What are some clinical signs that an adolescent female may have a syndrome that is the most common cause of infertility?

Answer 17

Hirsutism, oligomenorrhea, and acne (being signs of polycystic ovarian syndrome)

Question 18

Pseudotumor cerebri is a complication of ____________.

Answer 18

childhood obesity

Question 19

Current guidelines recommend A1c screening in obese children after age ____.

Answer 19

10