Pathophysiology Case-Based (2) Flashcards
What is a mesocaval shunt?
A shunt from the mesenteric vein to the vena cava
Why is a TIPS or mesocaval shunt contraindicated in someone with heart disease?
You’re going to overwhelm the heart with blood.
What are two serum markers of autoimmune hepatitis?
ANA and anti-smooth muscle antibody
What is DILI?
Drug-induced liver injury
What antibiotics can cause DILI?
Bactrim
Minocycline
Augmentin (and other beta-lactams)
Isoniazid
This can occur even three months after the drug is stopped.
What treatment is indicated in the disorder that presents with anti-mitochondrial antibodies?
Ursodeoxycholic acid (which prevents progression of fibrosis)
The best management in someone with an active GI bleed is ________.
IV access
What symptom can help distinguish between ischemic colitis and and diverticular hemorrhage?
Ischemic colitis is typically painful
Steroids are used in two liver disease: _______________.
- autoimmune hepatitis
- acute alcohol liver injury
Remember that TIPS is contraindicated in _____________.
patients with hepatic encephalopathy
Lactulose is given to ________________.
those with hepatic encephalopathy
Why do antibiotics treat hepatic encephalopathy?
Because gut bacteria produce ammonia, and killing them lowers it.
When is surgical intervention needed for duodenal ulcers?
Perforation (even bleeding that is refractory to endoscopic intervention usually just goes to IR)
The body can lose its response to ___________ after long-term use.
ranitidine
Melanic is for _______ and melanotic is for _________.
melena; melanoma
