Lower GI Histology with Accessory Organs Flashcards
What is the food bolus called when it reaches the duodenum?
Chyme
What small-intestine cells contain large, pink granules?
Paneth cells (the granules being the defensins)
Brunner’s glands are found only in the ____________. What do they secrete?
duodenum; bicarb
Describe the basic role of M cells.
They ingest antigenic components and present it to macrophages and lymphocytes on the inner surface of the GI tract.
In general, villi are most dense in the ____________ and least dense in the ______________.
proximal small intestine (duodenum); distal small intestine (ileum)
Most intestinal enzymes are secreted by the pancreas. What is the big exception?
Enterokinase
True or false: most of the pancreas is endocrine glands.
False! 98% is exocrine!
The plicae circulares are most developed in the ______________.
jejunum
Chymotrypsin prefers what type of amino acids to digest?
Aromatic
Describe the layout of the centroacinar and acinar cells.
The centroacinar cells line the duct leading to the pancreatic cul-de-sac, and the acinar cells form the pancreatic cul-de-sac.
Cholecystokinin and secretin act on ____________ cells.
acinar (to induce secretion of zymogens)
Cholecystokinin is also called _____________.
pancreozymin
What sphincter is at the juncture of the hepatopancreatic duct and the duodenum?
The sphincter of Oddi
Brunner’s cells are in the _______________.
submucosa of the small intestine
The microvillar surface of the small intestine is called ________________.
the brush border
