Endocrine Pathology Flashcards
In general, how are endocrine/neuroendocrine cells described?
- Nested
- Salt-and-pepper nuclei
- Monomorphic
The thyroid follicular cells are _________________.
cuboidal, low columnar
On histologic exam, the thyroid of someone with Grave’s disease will appear ______________.
more cellular and with colloid scalloping
Why do germinal centers form in the thyroids of those with Hashimoto’s?
Because it is a lymphocytic infiltrate that causes the thyroiditis!
How will oncocytic metaplasia appear?
As a pinkening of the cytoplasm
DeQuervain’s will present with what unique cell type?
Giant, multinucleated cells (granulomas)
The colloids can expand in those with _______________.
hypothyroidism
True or false: follicular adenoma can transition to follicular carcinoma.
False.
Follicular carcinoma is distinguished by ______________.
invasion through the capsule
Papillary thyroid carcinoma is characterized by __________ features, not the papillary architecture, strangely.
nuclear
The papillae have ___________ cores.
fibrovascular
Which thyroid carcinoma has the worst prognosis?
Anaplastic –only three months
Recall that ______________ appears as monomorphic cells in nests of amyloid.
medullary thyroid carcinoma
The parathyroids are 25% ______________.
adipose tissue
Parathyroid adenomas will present with decreased _____________ and increased _____________.
adiposity; cellularity
Brown tumors will have the same histologic presentation as ____________.
giant cell tumors
How does small cell carcinoma of the lung appear?
Densely packed, blue nuclei with high N:C ratio
How do adrenal adenomas and carcinomas differ?
Carcinomas are more often bigger, necrotic, and invasive
Treating adrenal adenoma with spironolactone can lead to what on pathologic exam?
Spironolactone bodies – areas of endoplasmic reticulum swirled into little bodies
What causes Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome?
Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage from N. meningitidis
Which MEN syndrome has Marfanoid body?
MEN2B (Body haBitus = 2B)
Thyroid medullary cells are also called ___________.
C-cells
Recall that in DiGeorge both the thymus and the __________ fail to develop. Why?
parathyroid; because both develop from the same pharyngeal pouches (3 and 4)
What are the (supposedly outdated) rules of 10%?
In pheochromocytoma
- 10% are bilateral
- 10% are extra-adrenal
- 10% are not associated with hypertension
- 10% are malignant
The only definitive sign that pheochromocytoma is malignant is _______________.
metastasis
