patterns in Inheritance Flashcards
Name 6 types of exceptions to Mendel’s principles
- incomplete dominance, 2. co-dominance, 3. multiple alleles, 4. polygenic traits, and 5. maternal inheritance, 6. environmental conditions
incomplete dominance?
2 alleles that are neither completely dominant or recessive
what happens to the phenotypes in incomplete dominance? example
the phenotypes for the 2 alleles are somewhere between the phenotypes of the 2 different homozygous parents. Example: 4 o’clock flowers of red parents and white parents are pink
co-dominance?
phenotypes of both alleles are clearly expressed.
give an example of co-dominance.
offspring of black chickens and white chickens are black and white spotted chickens.
multiple alleles?
a gene containing more than just 2 alleles.
which is more common in heredity 2 alleles per gene or multiple alleles per gene?
multiple.
do organisms inherit multiple copies of a gene from both parents or just 2 genes (1 from each parent)?
just 2 genes (1 from each parent) but these genes usually carry multiple alleles.
Example of multiple alleles?
rabbit coat: its color is controlled by at least 4 different alleles on a single gene. another example: blood type
polygenic traits?
traits controlled by 2 or more genes
example of polygenic inheritance?
eye color: a lot f genes determine eye color
maternal inheritance?
when inheritance of alleles, genes is solely from the maternal parent
how can maternal inheritance form?
chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA and it is replicated only within the egg or maternal seed.
give examples of maternal inheritance?
morning glory plant’s leaf color
how can the environment effect gene expression?
phenotype is only partly influenced by genotype. Example: butterflies may have more pigment (needed to absorb light) than summer born butterflies (who need less light absorption).
