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Enarmeando > Patologias mas frecuentes > Flashcards

Patologias mas frecuentes Flashcards

1
Q

tumor oseo mas comun en adulto

A

Osteosarcoma

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2
Q

tumor adrenal mas comun en adulto

A

Feocromocitoma

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3
Q

tumor adrenal mas comun infantil

A

Neuroblastoma WILMS

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4
Q

Agente de encefalitis viral

A

Herpes Simple

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5
Q

Tumor agresivo pulmonar

A

Celulas pequeñas o en avena

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6
Q

Ca asociado a litiasis vesicular

A

Adenocarcinoma

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7
Q

Meningitis bacteriana adultos

A

Steptococo pnemonie

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8
Q

Meningitis bacteriana adulto joven

A

Neiserria meningitidis

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9
Q

Meningitis bacteriana del anciano

A

Neiserria meningitidies

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10
Q

Meningitis Bacteriana del RN

A

E colli, strep Grupo B

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11
Q

Meningitis bacteriana del lactante

A

Haemophilus influenza B

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12
Q

tumor benigno epitelial de la mucosa oral

A

papiloma

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13
Q

tumor benigno de la trompa de falopio

A

Adenomatoide

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14
Q

Tumor benigno ovarico

A

Teratoma, Quiste Dermoide

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15
Q

Tumor benigno de tejidos blandos

A

Lipoma

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16
Q

Tumor benigno de mama en menores de 25a

A

fibroadenoma

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17
Q

Tumor benigno de higado

A

Hemangioma

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18
Q

tumor uterino benigno

A

Leiomioma, sensible a estrogenos

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19
Q

Los tumores oseos metastatizan a:

A

mama y prostata

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20
Q

tumor benigno de vulva

A

Hidroadenoma

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21
Q

tumor cerebral niño

A

Meduloblastoma (cerebelo)

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22
Q

Tumor cerebral adultos

A

astrocitoma ( incliyendo glioblastoma multiforme) luego las metastasis como meningioma y schwanomma

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23
Q

Cancer de mama

A

Cancer invasor indiferenciado ductal

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24
Q

Agente de endocarditis aguda

A

Staf aureus

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25
Q

agente en neumonia del paciente inmunocomprometido o hospitalizado

A

Klebsiella

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26
Q

agente de la epiglotitis

A

Haemophilus influenzae B

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27
Q

Agentes en tracto GI

A

E colli y bacteroides

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28
Q

agente en usuario de drogas IV con bacteremia o pneumonia

A

Staf Aureus

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29
Q

agente en endocarditis ubahuda

A

Streptococo Viridans

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30
Q

cancer de vias urinarias

A

Ca de celulas transicionales

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31
Q

tumor cardiaco en adultos

A

Mixoma

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32
Q

tumor cardiaco en niños

A

Rhabdomioma ( asociado a esclerosis tuberosa)

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33
Q

Cardiomiopatia

A

dilatada (alcohol, beriberi, cocaina, cocxackie b, doxorubicina) Disfuncion diastolica

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34
Q

Causa de Hipertension arterial Secundaria

A

Enfermedad Renal

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35
Q

Causa de endometriosis cronica

A

TB

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36
Q

Causa de hiperplasia adrenal congenita

A

Deficiencia de 21 hidroxilasa

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37
Q

Causa de cushing

A

Esteroides exogenos, luego primaria ACTH, adenoma adrenal, ACTH ectopica)

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38
Q

Causa de muerte en alzheimer

A

Pneumonia

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39
Q

Causa de muerte en prematuros

A

Enfermedad de membrana Hialina

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40
Q

Causa de meurte en LES

A

Nefropatia lupica

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41
Q

Causa de demencia

A

alzheimer y demencia multififarto

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42
Q

intoxicacion alimentaria

A

staf aureus

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43
Q

hematosalpingo

A

embarazo ectopico

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44
Q

hipoparatiroidismo

A

tiroidectomia

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45
Q

hipotiroidismo

A

post Qx

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46
Q

Infecciones Renales

A

E colli

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47
Q

Cancer Hepatico

A

alcohol

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48
Q

Principal causa de Ca maligno en niños

A

Leucemia Aguda

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49
Q

Causa de retraso mental

A

Sindrome de Down

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50
Q

Segunda causa de retraso mental

A

Sindrome X fra

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51
Q

Causa de perdida de cloruro de sodio ye hipotension

A

deficiencia de 21 hidroxilasa

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52
Q

Cirrosis portal

A

alcohol

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53
Q

HAP

A

EPOC

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54
Q

SIADH

A

cancer de celulas pequeñas del pulmon, Sheehan

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55
Q

Uropatia obstructiva en hombres

A

HPB

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56
Q

Anemia perniciosa

A

Gastritis atrofica cronica ( no se produce factor instrinseco)

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57
Q

desorden cromosomico mas frecunte

A

Sx down

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58
Q

tumor del apendice

A

Tumor carcinoide( flushing, diarrea, bronchoespasm)

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59
Q

anomalia congenita cardiaca

A

CIV

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60
Q

Sitio de trombosis arterial coronaria

A

Arteria descendente izquierda

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61
Q

cianosis congenita temprana

A

Fallot

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62
Q

enfermedad desmielinizante

A

Esclerosi multiple ( triada de charcot ( nistagmus, intentional tremor, scanning speec), placas periventriculares, disminucion de oligodendrocitoas

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63
Q

tumor dental

A

odontoma

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64
Q

deficiencia nutricional

A

Hierro

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65
Q

enfermedad mamaria benigna

A

Fibrosis quistica

66
Q

Enfermedad oportunia diseminada

A

CMB y penumocistis

67
Q

Cancer esofagico

A

celulas pequeñas

68
Q

tumor maligno de trompa de falopio

A

Adenocarcinoma

69
Q

Defecto genetico fatal en caucaiscos

A

Fibrosis Quistica Cromosoma 7q

70
Q

Tumor mas comun en mujeres

A

Liomioma

71
Q

Forma mas comun de mailoidosis

A

Inmunologica, proteina de bence jones ( tambien se ve en mieloma multiple)

72
Q

Forma mas comun de tularemia

A

Ulceroglandular

73
Q

Tumor de celulas germinales testicular

A

Semonima y el disgerminoma en el ovario

74
Q

Tumor maligno ginecologico

A

Cancer endometrial

75
Q

Hallazho ginecologico mas comun

A

Cancer endometrial

76
Q

Murmullo cardiaco

A

Prolapso de valvula mitral

77
Q

valvula mas afectada endocarditis bacteriana

A

mitral

78
Q

valcula mas afectada en endocarditis bacterian con drogas IV

A

Tricuspide

79
Q

Valvula mas afectada en fiebre reumatica

A

Mitral y Luego Aortico

80
Q

Trastorno hemorragico hereditario mas comun

A

enfermedad de von Willebrand

81
Q

hormona secretada por el adenoma pituitario

A

prolactina

82
Q

enfermedad reanal hereditaria

A

enfermedad de riñon poliquistico, se asocia con poliquistosis hepatica, aneurismas saculares y prolapso mitral ( cromosoma 16)

83
Q

Tumor del islote pancrwatico

A

Insulinoma o de celulas B

84
Q

Tumor hepatico mas comun

A

Hepatoma

85
Q

Enfermedad hepatica mas comun

A

CHAN

86
Q

Localizacion mas comun de adenocarcinoma pancreatico

A

Cabeza 99%

87
Q

Localizacion de tumor cerebral en adultos

A

Supratentorial

88
Q

Localizacion de tumor cerebral en la infancia

A

Infratentorial

89
Q

Los tumores pulmonares lo mas frecuente es que sean

A

maligmos y secundarios

90
Q

Enfermedad de depsotio lisosomal mas comun

A

Enfermedad de Gaucher

91
Q

cancer de laringe

A

Glotico o de cel escamosa

92
Q

Cancer mas comun de intestino delgado

A

adenocarcinoma

93
Q

cancer mas colum de vulva

A

Escamoso

94
Q

Tumor ocular malugno en niños

A

Retinoblastoma

95
Q

tumor maligno hepatico

A

Cancer Hepatocelular

96
Q

Enfermedad de motoneurona

A

Esclerosis amniotrofica lateral

97
Q

Distrofia Muscular

A

Ducheene

98
Q

tumor nasal

A

Celulas escamosas

99
Q

Neoplasia mas comun en niños

A

Leucemia y luego Meduloblastoma

100
Q

polipo neoplasico

A

Adenoma tubular

101
Q

sindrome nefrotico en adultos

A

Glomerulonefritis mebranosa

102
Q

sindrome nefrotico en niños

A

cambios minimos ( nefrosis lipidica) responde a estroides

103
Q

Linfoma no hodgkin

A

Folicular de celulas claras

104
Q

tumor maligno ovarico

A

Cystoadenocarcinoma seroso

105
Q

Tumor ovarico

A

Hamartoma

106
Q

Tumor pancreatico

A

Adenocarcinoma

107
Q

Leucemias mas comunes

A

LLA niños
LLC adulto mayor de 60a o LMA
LMC adultos 35-50años

108
Q

Paciente con Goodpasture

A

Varon joven

109
Q

Paciente con reiter

A

Varon

110
Q

Tumor pituitaria

A

Prolactinoma y segundo el adenoma acidofilico somatotropico

111
Q

Ubicacion mas frecuente del cancer de celulas escamosas esofagico

A

Tercio medio

112
Q

Lugar para ulcera peptica

A

Curvatura menor del antro ( se asocia a hemotipo o)

113
Q

tumor primario salivar benigno

A

Adenoma pleomorfico ( 90% en la parotida)

114
Q

hiperparatiroidismo primario

A

Adenoma, Hiperplasia, carcinoma

115
Q

tumor maligno de hueso

A

Osteosarcoma

116
Q

tumor primario maligno intestino delgado

A

Linfoma

117
Q

Paciente con linfoma hodgkin

A

Varon joven, excepto en esclerosis nodular (mujer)

118
Q

paciente con nefropatia de cambios minimos

A

niño

119
Q

malignidad renal

A

cancer de celulas renales

120
Q

tumor maligno de la infancia

A

Neuroblastoma o WILms cromosoma 11p

121
Q

Tumor salival

A

Adenoma pleomorfico

122
Q

hiperparatioridisimo secundario

A

IRC e hipocalcemia

123
Q

Sitio del diverticulo

A

Colon sigmoides

124
Q

sitio de oclusion embolica

A

ACM; paralisis contralateral, afasia,perdida motora y sensoria

125
Q

Sitio mas comun de metastasis de los cancerres

A

nodulos linfaticos regionales

126
Q

Segundo sitio de metastasis mas comun en los canceres

A

Higado

127
Q

sitio de aterosclerosis mas frecuente

A

Aorta abdominal, coronaria, poplitea, carotidea

128
Q

cancer de piel en blancos

A

Melanoma maligno

129
Q

cancer de piel mas comun

A

cancer de celulas basales

130
Q

anomalia congenita intestino delgado mas comun

A

diverticulo de meckel

131
Q

cancer de estomago

A

adenocarcinoma (asociado a tipo sanguineo A)

132
Q

tumor testiocular

A

Seminoma, maligno con crecimiento indoloro testicular

133
Q

anomalia tiroidea

A

ducto tirogloso

134
Q

cancer tiroideo

A

papilar

135
Q

fistrula traqueoesofagica

A

tipo C o 3

136
Q

tumor en hombre menor de 20

A

Tumor de celulas germinales

137
Q

Tumor de la ifnancia

A

Tumor vascular benigno; hemangioma ( vino de oporto)

138
Q

tumor estomacal en mayores de 50 años

A

adenocarcinoma gastrico

139
Q

Linfoma hodgkin mas comun

A

celularidad mixta

140
Q

Linfoma no nodgkin mas comun

A

Folicular

141
Q

tipo de cirrosis portal mas comun

A

micronodular

142
Q

tumor de tejidos blandos mas comun de la infancia

A

rhabdomiosarcoma

143
Q

vasculitis de medianos y pequeños vasos

A

arteritis de la temporal

144
Q

Encefalitis viral

A

HVS

145
Q

Cancer tiroideo de peor pronostico

A

Folicular

146
Q

Causa mas comun de penumonia lobar

A

strep pneumoniae

147
Q

causa de penumonia en fibrosis quistica

A

pseudomona

148
Q

causa de ostiomieltisi aosciada a drogas IV

A

pseudomona

149
Q

Causa de infeccion del quemado

A

Pseudomona

150
Q

metabolito del feocromocitoma

A

Acido vanilmandelico VMA

151
Q

OMA y sinusitis en infantes

A

step pneumoniae

152
Q

abceso cerebral solitario

A

A. israelli

153
Q

tipo de Shigella mas comun

A

S, sonnei

154
Q

Pneumonia

A

Step pneumoniae

155
Q

Uretritis

A

N. ghonorrae

156
Q

causa de glomerulonefritis

A

Neforpatia IgA enfermedad de Berger

157
Q

Causa de neumonia viral

A

infante- Sincitial respirtaorio
Niños parainfluenza
Adultos Influenza
Hacinamiento, militares Adenovirus

158
Q

Complicacion de EPOC

A

infeccion pulmonar

159
Q

Causa mas comun de muerte por LES

A

falla renal

160
Q

Defecto septal mas comun

A

ostium secundum

161
Q

Inmunodeficiencia mas comun

A

IgA

162
Q

Causa mas comun de malformacion congenita

A

Sindrome Alcoholico Fetal

Enarmeando (28 decks)

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