Patient Assessment

Question 1

Newborn vitals

Answer 1

HR: 90-180
RR: 30-60
BP: 50-70
Temp: 36.7-37.8

Question 2

Infant (1mo to 1yo) vitals

Answer 2

HR: 100-1(0
RR: 25-50
BP: 70-95
Temp: 36-37.6

Question 3

Toddler (1-3yo) vitals

Answer 3

HR: 90-150
RR: 20-30
BP: 80-100
Temp: 36-37.6

Question 4

Preschool (3-6yo) vitals

Answer 4

HR: 80-140
RR: 20-25
BP: 80-110
Temp: 36

Question 5

School age (6-12yo) vitals

Answer 5

HR: 70-120
RR: 15-20
BP: 80-110
Temp: 36

Question 6

Adolescent (12-18yo) vitals

Answer 6

HR: 60-100
RR: 12-16
BP: 90-110
Temp: 36

Question 7

Adult vitals (19+)

Answer 7

HR: 70
RR: 12-20
BP: 90-140
Temp: 36

Question 8

Safe residual pressure of O2 tanks

Answer 8

200 psi or below.

Question 9

Oxygen cylinder constants

Answer 9

D= 0.16
E = 0.28
M = 1.56
G = 2.41
H = 3.14
K = 3.14

Question 10

Formula for O2 cylinder duration of flow

Answer 10

Tank pressure in psi - 200 psi x cylinder constant/flow rate in l/min = duration of flow in minutes.
2000 - 200 x 0.16 / 15 = 288 / 15 = 19.2 (19 L/min)

Question 11

O2 delivery devices

Answer 11

Nasal cannula: 1-6Lpm (24-44% O2 delivery)
NRB: 15Lpm (90-100% O2 delivery)
BVM: 15Lpm (nearly 100% O2 delivery)

Question 12

MOANS for difficulty with BVM

Answer 12

M: mask seal
O: obesity
A: age (elderly)
N: no teeth
S: stiff lungs

Question 13

GCS

Answer 13

Eyes: 4
Verbal: 5
Motor: 6
Total of 15 points.

Question 14

Landmark myotomes

Answer 14

C3-5 (diaphragm); C5 (elbow flexors); C6 (wrist extensors); C7 (elbow extensors); C8 (finger flexors); T1 (hand intrinsics); T2-T7 (intercostals); L2 (hip flexors); L3 (knee extensors); L4 (ankle dorsiflexors); L5 (long toe extensors); S1 (ankle plantar flexors); S4-S5 (anus, bladder, bowel)

Question 15

Landmark Cervical dermatomes

Answer 15

C2 (occipital protuberance); C3 (supraclavicular fossa); C5 (lateral side of antecubital fossa); C6 (thumb and medial index finger); C7 (middle finger); C8 (little finger)

Question 16

Landmark thoracic dermatomes

Answer 16

T2 (apex of axilla); T4 (nipple line); T10 (umbilicus)

Question 17

Landmark lumbar dermatomes

Answer 17

L1 (inguinal line); L2 (mid anterior thigh); L3 (medial aspect of knee); L5 (dorsum of foot)

Question 18

Landmark sacral dermatomes

Answer 18

S1-S3 (back of the leg); S4-S5 (perianal area)

Question 19

AEIOU-TIPPS

Answer 19

Alcohol
Epilepsy, endocrine, electrolytes 
Insulin 
Opiates and other drugs
Uremia 
Trauma, temperature 
Infection
Psychogenic
Poison
Shock, stroke, subarachnoid, spaceoccupying lesion

Question 20

Considerations when taking a blood pressure

Answer 20

Avoid taking a BP on a painful/injured extremity, arm with an AV shunt or fistula, or on a post mastectomy side.

Question 21

DCAP-BTLS mnemonic

Answer 21

Deformities
Contusions
Abrasions
Punctures/penetrations
Burns
Tenderness
Lacerations
Swelling