Immunology

Question 1

Lymphatic system organs

Answer 1

Spleen: filters blood
Tonsils: filters
Thymus: matures T cells
Lymph: similar to plasma
Lymphatic vessels
Lymph nodes

Question 2

Immune response types

Answer 2

Non-specific: innate, general response.

Specific: adaptive. Recognizes antigens.

Question 3

IgE antibody

Answer 3

Uses mast cells and basophils to facilitate immune response against parasites and allergens.

Question 4

Mast cells

Answer 4

Granulocytes that contain histamine and heparin.

Question 5

Allergy

Answer 5

Exaggerated response by the immune system at a localized area

Question 6

Anaphylaxis

Answer 6

A life threatening exaggerated immune response that results in systemic effects.

Question 7

Types of allergic responses

Answer 7

Hypersensitive: mild, local
Allergic: moderate, local or generalized
Anaphylactoid: moderate, generalized without use of IgE antibody
Anaphylaxis: severe, generalized
Anaphylactic shock: extreme, generalized.

Question 8

Anaphylaxis management

Answer 8

High flow O2. Airway adjunct (May be ineffective), Epi (0.5mg. 10kg = 0.1mg), IV.

Question 9

Type 1 hypersensitivity

Answer 9

Acute immune response to stimulus (bee sting, penicillin, etc). Involves IgE ab

Question 10

Type 2 hypersensitivity

Answer 10

Cytotoxic response involving IgM or IgG ab. Can attack healthy cells. Common with transfusion reactions or newborn hemolytic dx

Question 11

Type 3 hypersensitivity

Answer 11

Called serum sickness. Results from large single exposure to antigen. Involved IgG ab. Common with vasculitis.

Question 12

Type 4 hypersensitivity

Answer 12

Response to viral or tumours, or transplant rejection. Involved CD8 (T killer) cells.