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pathoma Flashcards

1
Q

SLE nephropathies

A

diffuse proliferative(nephritic), membronous(nephrotic)

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2
Q

Sjogrens pregnancy associations

A

congenital SLE+heart block

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3
Q

aflatoxin cancer

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

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4
Q

arsenic cancer

A

squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, liver angiosarcoma

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5
Q

vinyl chloride cancer

A

liver angiosarcoma

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6
Q

ionizing radiation cancers

A

papillary carcinoma of thyroid, AML, CML

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7
Q

HER2Neu breast cancer Tx

A

trastuzamab

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8
Q

ras cancer

A

colon carcinoma

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9
Q

BRAF cancer

A

melanoma

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10
Q

calcitonin cancer marker for

A

medullary thyroid carcinoma

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11
Q

schistosoma, chlonarchis associated cancers

A

bladder cancer, cholangiocarcinoma

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12
Q

chromogranin+ cancers

A

carcinoid, small cell of lung(neuroendocrine)

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13
Q

von willebrand labs, Tx

A

ristocetin, Vasopressin

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14
Q

protein C&S inactivate, deficiency worry

A

factor V&VIII(coumadin skin necrosis)

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15
Q

foot drop, anemia, gingival lines, Tx

A

Lead poisening, dimercaprol

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16
Q

HbH, barts A2, F, S, C

A

alpha thalassemia(3,4 deletions), beta minor, major(fetal), sickle cell, crystals

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17
Q

HbS trait test

A

metabisulfite screen

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18
Q

smudge cells, CD5&CD20

A

CLL

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19
Q

hairy cell Tx

A

2CDA(adenosine deaminase)

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20
Q

high basophil cancer, Tx

A

CML, imatinib

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21
Q

jak2 kinase mutation

A

polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia

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22
Q

bence jones protein in urine, differentiate

A

multiple myeloma(IgG,A), waldenstroms(IgM)

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23
Q

Hepatitis B associated vasculitis, pathology

A

polyarteritis nodosa, string of pearls transmural fibrinoid necrosis

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24
Q

viral-like rash, cervical lymphadenopathy, strawberry tongue in kids

A

kawasaki, give aspirin

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25
Q

wegeners kidney disease

A

rapidly progressive

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26
Q

splitting, normal vs paradoxical vs fixed

A

splits on inspiration, opposite(LBBB, aortic stenosis), ASD

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27
Q

diabetic mother heart defect

A

transposition of the great vessels

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28
Q

centriacinar vs panacinar emphysema

A

smoking vs a1at

29
Q

homans sign

A

DVT-calf pain on dorsiflexion

30
Q

pulmonary HTN mutation

31
Q

cyanide Tx

A

nitrites+thiosulfate(make Fe3+ methemoglobin+bind)

32
Q

squamous vs small cell lung

A

PTHrP vs ACTH, ADH, lambert eaton

33
Q

peripheral lung cancers

A

NO smoking

34
Q

non-endodermal abdominal organ, retroperitoneal organs

A

spleen-mesoderm, pancreas(besides head)/23 duodenum/asc+desc colon

35
Q

gastric vs duodenal ulcer rupture

A

left gastric vs gastroduodenal bleeds

36
Q

gastric carcinoma signs

A

lesar-trelat(back skin keratosis), acanthosis nigracans

37
Q

obstructive jaundice w/palpable nontender gall bladder

A

courvoisier’s sign(pancreatic cancer)

38
Q

eosinophilic pyuria disease, causes

A

interstitial nephritis-NSAIDS(some antibiotics)

39
Q

renal papillary necrosis causes

A

diabetes, sickle cell, acetominophen, pyelonephritis

40
Q

HIV, heroin, sickle cell nephrotic

A

focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

41
Q

SLE kidneys

A

membranous(spike and dome), diffuse proliferative

42
Q

HBV,HCV,C3 associated nephrotic

A

membranoproliferative(type I vs II)

43
Q

main shift K in/out of cell

A

insulin, b agonists=in, digitalis, acidosis=out

44
Q

salicylate pH dysfunction

A

early respiratory alkalosis late metabolic acidosis

45
Q

Klinefelters labs

A

low inhibin=high FSH, low testosterone high LH, estrogen

46
Q

turners labs

A

low estrogen, high LH+FSH

47
Q

Female hormone/cells effects

A

LH-theca-androgens, FSH-granulosa-convert to estrogen, residual cells(corpeus luteum)-progesterone

48
Q

PCOS labs, associations

A

LH:FSH>2, T2DM, endometrial carcinoma

49
Q

LDH vs AFP tumors

A

dysgerminoma vs endodermal sinus(yolk sac-glomerular)

50
Q

bhcg function

A

maintain corpus luteum(maintaining progesterone)

51
Q

cryptorchidism labs

A

low inhibin&testosterone, High FSH&LH

52
Q

green brown nipple discharge

A

mammary duct ectasia(NOT malignant)

53
Q

estrogen receptor cancer vs her2neu cancer

A

tamoxifen vs trastuzamab

54
Q

MIF secretion

A

sertoli cells-decrease with high temp(leydig=testosterone)

55
Q

empty nucleus thyroid cancer

A

papillary(orphan annie eye), psammoma bodies

56
Q

malignant cells in amyloid stroma

A

medullary carcinoma(calcitonin from C cells)-MEN2A+2B

57
Q

chvostek&troussou signs

A

hypoparathyroid-facial contractions, carpal spasms

58
Q

dermato vs polymyositis inflammation

A

perimysial vs endomysial

59
Q

friedrichs ataxia death

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

60
Q

reportable illness list

A

salmonella, shigella, HIV, gonorrhea, syphillis, TB, MMR, VZV

61
Q

vaccines w/ egg

A

MMR, varicella, yellow fever

62
Q

trigeminal neuralgia Tx

A

carbamazapine

63
Q

claudication Tx

A

cilastozol

64
Q

epistaxis, telangiectasias, AVM

A

osler-weber-rendau

65
Q

albino enzyme

A

tyrosinase

66
Q

dermatophyte Tx

A

terbinafine-squaline epoxidase, griseofulvin-microtubules

67
Q

CMV Tx

A

ganciclovir foscarnet cidofovir-DNA polymerase inhibitors

68
Q

navir, tegra, vir in middle

A

protease inh, integrase inh, NNRTI. Rest=NRTI

69
Q

IFN Tx

A

alpha-hep B&C, beta=MS, gamma=NADPH ox def

Board Associations (22 decks)

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