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GI Flashcards

1
Q

Gardner’s syndrome gene

A

APC

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2
Q

Gardner’s syndrome lesions

A

GI polyps, dental, retinal, desmoid, osteoma, lipoma

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3
Q

Peutz-Jeghers lesions

A

GI hamartomas, hyperpigment mouth hands& feet

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4
Q

Turcot’s lesions

A

GI polyps, CNS tumors

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5
Q

duodenal atresia association

A

down’s(trisomy 21)

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6
Q

annular pancreas blockage

A

part 2 duodenum

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7
Q

hernia medial to inferior epigastric A.

A

direct inguinal (hesselbach’s triangle, superficial ring only)

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8
Q

AminoAcid gastrin stimulators

A

tryptophan, phenylalanine

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9
Q

CCK cells

A

I cells(fats/AA)

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10
Q

secretin releases

A

bicarb(duodenum)

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11
Q

VIPoma symptoms

A

diarrhea, hypoK, achlorhydria

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12
Q

IF release cells

A

stomach parietal cells(B12 binding, gastric acid also here)

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13
Q

Fructose absorption

A

GLUT-5

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14
Q

Iron absorption location

A

duodenum(Fe2+)

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15
Q

Folate absorption location

A

jejunum

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16
Q

B12 absorption location

A

terminal ileum

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17
Q

peyer’s patches secrete

A

IgA

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18
Q

used to conjugate bilirubin

A

glucuronic acid(measured direct bilirubin)

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19
Q

most common parotid tumors

A

pleomorphic adenoma(benign), warthins(benign cystic), mucoepidermoid(malignant)

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20
Q

achalasia associations

A

esophageal SSCarcinoma, chagas disease. (birds beak)

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21
Q

plummer vinson triad

A

esophageal webs+glossitis+iron deficiency anemia

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22
Q

celiac affected locations

A

distal duodenum/proximal jejunum

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23
Q

whipples symptoms

A

cardiac/neuro/arthralgias, foamy macrophages(G+PAS+)

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24
Q

celiac association

A

HLA-DQ2/8, dermatitis herpetiformis, anti-gliadin endomysial&tissue transglutaminase

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25
Q

H pylori affected area

A

antrum(cancer associated), duodenum(benign)

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26
Q

Gastric cancer metastasis sites

A

krukenberg(ovary), virchows(Lsupraclavicular node), sister mary joseph(subQ periumbilical)

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27
Q

crohn’s pathology

A

string sign(Xray), skip lesions, rectal sparing, transmural

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28
Q

ulcerative colitis pathology

A

crypt abscesses, pseudopolyps

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29
Q

McBurney’s point

A

appendix(1/3 of distance from ASIS to umbilicus)

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30
Q

true diverticulum

A

contains all 3 layers

31
Q

Meckel’s rule

A

2’s- 2in long 2ft from ileocecal, 2% of people, 2yo, 2 types of epithelium(gastric+pancreatic), persistent vitelline duct

32
Q

hirschprung’s association

A

down syndrome

33
Q

behcet triad

A

uveitis, genital ulcers, aphthous ulcers(canker sore)

34
Q

hairy leukoplakia cause

35
Q

duodenal atresia associations

A

double bubble sign, downs, polyhydramnios

36
Q

apob-48

A

chylomicrom

37
Q

Ulecerative colitis associations

A

p-ANCA, primary sclerosing cholangitis

38
Q

smoking in IBD

A

protective UC, harmful crohns

39
Q

hirschprung’s test

A

rectal suction biopsy(gets beyond mucosa)

40
Q

familial adenomatous polyposis gene

A

APC chromosome 5

41
Q

adenoma carcinoma sequence

A

APC then Kras then p53/cyclooxygenase

42
Q

HNPCC mutation

A

DNA mismatch repair(ovarian, endometrial, colorectal CA)

43
Q

CEA testing usage

A

Tx response, recurrence(NOT screening)

44
Q

meconium ileus association

A

cystic fibrosis

45
Q

peutz jeugers lesions

A

GI hamartomas, hyperigmented skin(Colorectal CA risk)

46
Q

turcot lesions

A

FAP+CNS tumor

47
Q

carcinoid symptoms

A

wheezing, right heart murmurs, diarrhea, flushing(from 5HT)

48
Q

AST vs ALT

A

ALT=viral, AST=alcohol

49
Q

hepatocellular carcinoma level

50
Q

hepatocellular carcinoma causes

A

hep B, C, wilsons, A1AT, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, aspergillis, aflatoxin

51
Q

angiosarcoma causes

A

PVC, arsenic

52
Q

nutmeg liver indicates

A

right heart failure, budd-chiari(vein occlusion liver)

53
Q

neonatal jaundice cause

A

immature UDP-glucuronyl transferase(gilbert=mild, crigler najjar=severe)

54
Q

A1AT inheritence

A

codominant

55
Q

black liver cause

A

dubin-johnson(liver bilirubin excretion defect-benign)

56
Q

hemochromatosis triad

A

cirrhosis, diabetes, skin pigment

57
Q

hemochromatosis genes

A

HFE, HLA-A3 association

58
Q

primary sclerosing cholangitis association

A

ulcerative colitis, hypergammaglobinemia, ERCP beading

59
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis labs

A

high serum mitochondrial antibodies(IgM)

60
Q

pancreatic cancer labs

A

(adenocarcinoma)-CA-19-9

61
Q

H2 blockers

A

tidines(cimetidene=p450 inhibitor)

62
Q

proton pump inhibitors

A

prazoles(increased C Diff risk)

63
Q

PGE1 abortificant/acid reducer

A

misoprostol

64
Q

somatostatin analog

A

octreotide

65
Q

bilirubin gall stones cause

A

infection, extravascular hemolysis

66
Q

chronic cholecystitis pathology

A

rokitansky achoff sinus(pockets in wall)

67
Q

dark urine cause

A

increased urobilinogen

68
Q

pregnant fulminent hepatitis cause

69
Q

active hepatitis infection marker

A

surface antigen(cleared=IgG, infectious=e)

70
Q

cirrhosis fibrosis cell mediator

A

stellate(TGF-beta)

71
Q

mallory bodies contain

A

intermediate filaments

72
Q

wilsons disease labs

A

high urine copper, low ceruloplasmin(Tx-d-penicillamine)

73
Q

lipid absorption location

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