Part A: Lecture 1

Question 1

Eukaryotic cell cycle phases (2)

Answer 1

interphase and mitotic phase

Question 2

phases of interphase (3)

Answer 2

G1 (Gap 1)
S (DNA synthesis)
G2 (Gap 2)

Question 3

phases of mitotic phase (2)

Answer 3

mitosis & cytokinesis

Question 4

G1 phase

Answer 4

phase between end of mitotic phase & start of S phase (DNA replication) - no sister chromatids

Question 5

S phase

Answer 5

DNA replication

Question 6

G2 phase

Answer 6

phase after S phase with DNA replicated (sister chromatids seen)

Question 7

Cohesin

Answer 7

put on DNA before DNA replication (in G1) and hold sister chromatids together in one chromosome

Question 8

Cohesin rings are broken in which phase?

Answer 8

anaphase

Question 9

purpose of mitosis

Answer 9

to make identical daughter cells/nuclei

Question 10

haploid (def.)

Answer 10

single copy of each chromosome (n)

Question 11

diploid (def.)

Answer 11

two copies of each chromosome (2n)

Question 12

n (def.)

Answer 12

number of chromosome in a gamete

Question 13

number of chromosomes in gamete

Answer 13

n=23

Question 14

number of chromosomes in embryo/adult

Answer 14

2n=46

Question 15

dna is measured in ___(3)

Answer 15

base pairs (bp)
kilobases (kb)
megabases (Mb)

Question 16

c (def.)

Answer 16

amount (content) of DNA in a haploid cell; measured in base pairs

Question 17

genome (def.)

Answer 17

all the genes in a haploid cell

Question 18

event: cell division of 2n cells; mechanism ->

Answer 18

mitosis

Question 19

event: cell division of n cells; mechanism ->

Answer 19

mitosis

Question 20

event: haploid (n) -> diploid (2n) ; mechanism ->

Answer 20

fertilization

Question 21

event: diploid (2n) -> haploid (n) ; mechanism ->

Answer 21

meiosis

Question 22

purpose of fertilization

Answer 22

joins two haploid cells into a single diploid cell

Question 23

paternal chromosomes

Answer 23

chromosomes from male parent

Question 24

maternal chromosomes

Answer 24

chromosomes from female parent

Question 25

purpose of meiosis

Answer 25

make haploid cells from diploid cell

Question 26

protected cohesins hold ___

Answer 26

sister chromatids together

Question 27

unprotected cohesins hold ___

Answer 27

homologous chromosomes together

Question 28

protected cohesins are associated with ____

Answer 28

proteins

Question 29

explain meiosis I

Answer 29

-homologous chromosomes separate to produced haploid cells with replicated chromosomes

Question 30

explain meiosis II

Answer 30

sister chromatids separate to produce unreplicated chromosomes

Question 31

cohesins in anaphase I

Answer 31

unprotected cohesins are destroyed leading to the separation of homologous chromosomes

Question 32

cohesins in anaphase II

Answer 32

protected cohesins are destroyed leading to the separation of sister chromatids