Paper 2 Energy Flashcards
what is energy needed for (5)
transport, producing food, manufacturing, heating and cooling homes, communication
what happens to energy as a country becomes more developed
consumes more energy
what is the correlation between energy usage and energy production
HICs are major consumers and major producers - they have energy security
LICs are low demand and low use they have energy insecurity Africa Asia
who are high risk countries of energy insecurity
Africa and Asia
who are low risk countries of energy insecurities
Canada, Russia, Australia
what is the energy gap
fossil fuels are being phased out but loss of energy is greater than amount produced by alternative renewable sources
why has consumption of energy tripled
development and the rise in living standards
population growth
more technology
what are the physical factors effecting energy supply (3)
1 climate can it generate electricity by hydroelectric, wind or solar
2 environment - is climate harsh so
3 geology - if country contains fuel deposits are they easily extracted does country have the technology to get them
what is the link between energy supply, consumption and cost
low production cost means cheap supply which encourages demand
which energy sources will be exploited
cheaper ones
what human factors affect energy
supply (3)
cost to extract and produce
technology
political factors
what are the environmental effets of the reation to energy insecurity (4)
shortfall of energy will encourage a country to take risks with the environment -
1 clearing forests for wood
2 drilling for oil and gas in environmentally sensitive areas
3 flood valleys for hydroelectric power
4 build wind and solar farms in scienic areas
what are economic impacts of energy insecurities
1 increase prices to consumer of food
2 industry will go to foreign competitors - people made redundant
3 price of consumer products go up
what is the impact of energy insecurity on people
1 rise in energy prices increases the cost of living
2 jobs put at risk
3 people inconvienienced by power cuts
what is the potential for conflict(3)
conflict between main consumers will push up prices
conflict between home produced and imported goods
conflict between countries with enough energy and those who do not
what is challenge for energy supply (4)
to increase supply that does not damage the environment
is affordable
suits available technology
increases security
why are governments reducing fossil fuels
concerns about climate change and global warming
what could be done (4)
rely more on renewable sources
use more natural gas - cleanest of fossil fuels
find ways to reduce emissions
make fossil fuels more environmentally friendly
name 3 types of biofuels
wood
biodiesel from crops
methane from rubbish
where does natural gas come from
decaying animals and plant matter trapped in rocks
what are the advantages of natural gas (3)
1 environmental - cleaner no waste extraction causes little damage disperses quickly if leaked
2 practicle - used for lots of purposes, instant fuel for cooking, can be easily controlled, large supply and easy to distribute
3 economic - cheaper and produces cheap electricity
what are the disadvantages of natural gas (3)
1 environmental - leaks can cause explosions, still release greenhouse gas when burned, ground subsidence and earthquakes are caused by pumping gas and fraking
2 practical - no smells so can not be detected
3 economic - infastructure expensive, expensive if used to fuel vehicles, less efficient
what is the overall verdict on natural gas
above reasons show it is not perfect but better than coal and oil
how do we ensure todays sources of energy will be available for the future (3)
reliance on fossil fuels must be reduced
more use of renewable energy
improve energy efficiency
what can we do to conserve energy (3)
reduce waste - insulate loft, windows and boilers, walls
reduce use of transport
reduce demand by using governments schemes like no use between 6aand 7
how can modern technology help fossil fuels more efficiently
carbon capture technology combined with heat and power
what is the energy situation in Nepal
demand is small but growing
what are traditional sources and why is there an issue
wood is traditional source for heating and cooking and has led to deforestation
why is there no supply of electricity
there is no gas coal or oil deposits and importing would be difficult because of the geography there is a small amount of electricity but powercuts are common
what are micro hydro plants
been built in Nepal in rural areas using water turbines to provide electricity without need for expensive dams and reseviors which damage environment
what are the barriers in Nepal to other sustainable sources (3)
number of sunshine hours
cost of solar panels
technology needed to maintain cells
.
