constrasting tectonic hazard case studies Flashcards
information about Kobe (3)
It is HIC
located in japan near destructive plate margin
it is a megacity
has one of largest container ports in the world
back ground to kobe earthquake (5)
17th January 1995 measured 6.9 on richter scale at the plate margin pacific plate pushed under eurasian plate so earthquake happened along a subduction zone focus was 16km below the crust 10 million lived in the area
what were the effects of Kobe quake (8)
5000 died
300,000 made homeless
102,000 buildings destroyed
estimated cost of rebuild £100 billion
worst effected area included docks and port
damaged roads- preventing emergency aid getting in
raised motorway collapsed
occured in morning whilst people cooked breakfast causing over 300 fires which took 2 days to put out
responses to Kobe quake (10)
water, electricity, gas, telephones services working by July
railways by August
year after quake 80% of port was working
January 1999 134,000 houses constructed
new laws passed to ensure buildings and transport were even more earthquake proof
more monitoring equipment installed
schools and factories hold regular drills
clean water was in short supply until April
Government critisised for being slow to rescue people and refusing offers of help from other countries
Kobe hadnt had an earthquake for 400 years so had less prediction equipment than rest of Japan
Information about Haiti (3)
It is a LIC
poorest country in western Hemisphere
Port Au Prince is the capital and is on a fault line where north american plate slides under caribbean
background to Haiti earthquake (4)
there were many aftershocks
occured Jauary 12th 2010
epicentre 10 miles from capital Port Au Prince
measured 7 on richter scale
effects of Haiti quake (10)
316,000 died
more than a million made homeless
capital (shanty town) and palace crumbled to dust
250,000 homes 30,000 commercial buildings collapsed
port, major roads and communications damaged beyond repair
clothing industry which accounts for 2/3 of Haitis exports had damage to it manufacturing facilities
1 in 5 lost their jobs
rubble from buildings blocked roads and rail links
port destroyed
sea levels changed and parts of land sank
what were the short term responses to Haiti (5)
1 many countries pledged money
and sent rescue teams, engineers and medical equipment
2 but but aid and rescue efforts were slowed damage
3 there was confusion about who was in charge which stopped early relief work
4 aid workers and survivors became angry over delays 5 and looting and violence errupted
what was long term recovery like for Haiti (9)
EU gave $33 million
world bank waived their dept for 5 years
land was offered in Senegal to any Hatians
6 months after there was still 98% of the rubble uncleared and blocking roads
number of people in relief camps was 1.6 million and almost no housing had been built
camps had no running water, electricity or sewage disposal
$1.1 billion had been sent by charities but only 2% had been released
one year later 1 million people were still displaced
Dominican republic accepted refugees
