Pancreatic Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common pancreatic cancer

A

pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

what is the progression to pancreatic cancer

A

from pre-invasive pancreatic intraepithelial neoplastic lesions to invasive

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3
Q

what are precursor forms of pancreatic cancer

A

pre-invasive intraepithelial neoplasm
intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
mucinous systic neoplasm

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4
Q

epi

A

poor prognosis

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5
Q

risk factors

A

smoking

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6
Q

what inherited conditions increase risk of pancreatic cancer

A

hereditary pancreatitis
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
HNPPC (lynch syndrome)

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7
Q

what is peutz-jeghers syndrome

A

autosomal dominant condition

multiple polyps originating from the GI tract

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8
Q

what are people with peutz jeghers syndrome at increased risk of

A

pancreas cancer
lung cancer
ovary + breast cancer

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9
Q

where are most pancreatic tumours found

A

head of pancreas

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10
Q

risk factors

A

smoking
FHx of pancreatic cancer
cancer syndomes such as hereditary pancreatitis and peutz jeghers syndrome

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11
Q

how does pancreatic cancer present

A

elderly presents with:
upper abdominal pain or back pain if retroperitoneal metastases
weight loss and loss of appetite
jaundice

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12
Q

what is courvoisiers sign

A

painless palpable gallbladder and jaundice

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13
Q

what is trousseaus sign

A

in pancreatic cancer

migratory thromboembolism with thrombosis

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14
Q

why can pancreatic cancer present with jaundice

A

head of pancreas obstructs common bile duct

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15
Q

what tumour marker is associated with pancreatic cancer

A

CA19-9

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16
Q

what is the first line investigation for pancreatic cancer

A

USS

17
Q

when is endoscopic ultrasound scan used

A

for small tumours <1cm

18
Q

what is the next step for investigation if pancreatic cancer is suspected on USS

A

pancreas specific CT

19
Q

what is the gold standard investigation for pancreatic cancer

A

CT

20
Q

what is the step after CT if ambigious

A

ERCP