Lung Cancer Flashcards
what are the different types of lung cancer
small cell lung cancer
non-small cell lung cancer
what is SCLC
malignant epithelial tumour from cells lining the lower respiratory tract
epi
very common cause of death
men>women
associated with smoking
aetiology
smoking
how does smoking cause lung cancer
smoke contains carcinogens
how common is SCLC
accounts for 15% of lung cancers
is SCLC or NSCLS more associated with smoking
SCLC
where do SCLCs commonly arise
central lung with mediastinal involvement
how aggressive is SCLC
very aggressive malignancy
risk factors
smoking
passive smoking
what are features of lung cancer
patient is commonly elderly + male
cough dyspnoea haemoptysis chest pain weight loss + change in appetite
which lung cancer is clubbing and hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthroscopy (fat fingers) more common in
NSCLC
investigations
1 CXR PA
-first line
2 CT chest, liver, adrenals for metastasis
-if abnormality on CXR or concerning symptoms
3 sputum cytology
-for pathological confirmation with malignant cells in sputum
what are common sites of metastasis in lung cancer
BLAB
Brain
Liver
Adrenals
Bone
what is the first line investigation in suspected lung cancer
CXR
def of NSCLC
malignant epithelial tumours of cells lining lower respiratory tract
how common is NSCLC
makes up 85% of lung cancer
what are the 3 main types of NSCLC
adenocarcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
large cell carcionoma
what is the most common form of NSCLC
adenocarcinoma
where are adenocarcinomas commonly found in the lungs
peripheries
what is the second most common form of NSCLC
squamous cell carcinoma
where are squamous cell carcinomas commonly found in the lungs
central airways
what is the least common form of NSCLC
large cell carcinoma
where are large cell carcinomas commonly found in the lungs
centrally
what condition is associated with NSCLC
COPD
what ct scan is used in investigation of NSCLC
contrast enhanced CT scan of neck thorax and abdomen
completed with abnormality detected on CXR or worrying symptoms
what is neuro specific enolase associated with
SCLC
what is ALK (anaplastic lymphoma lipase) associated with
NSCLC
