Oesophageal Cancer Flashcards
def
majority of oesophageal cancers are mucosal lesions which originate in the epithelial cells lining the oesphagus
what are two different types of oesophageal cancer
squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
where are squamous cell carcinomas found
upper 2/3s
where are adenocarcinomas found
lower 1/3
what causes squamous cell carcinomas
alcohol and tobacco
HPV
what causes adenocarcinoma
barretts oesophagus + GORD
obesity
males
poor diet
what are risk factors for oesophageal carcinoma
ABCDEFGH
Achalasia, ASH (alcohol, smoking, h pylori) Barretts + GORD (A) Corrosive oesophagitits Diverticulitis Eosophageal Web Familial Genetic Hiatus hernia (A)
what are features of oesophageal cancer
dysphagia + odynophagia
weight loss
what does dysphagia indicate in OC
poor prognosis
as already blocking 2/3 of lumen
what is the first line investigation for OC
OGD with biopsy