Pancreatic/Biliary System Flashcards
1
Q
the pancrease has ___ & ____ function
A
-exocrine and endocrine
2
Q
Pancreas Functions
A
- produce digestive enzymes (exocrine)
- transport digestive enzymes to duodenum
- secrete glucagon & insulin by islet of Langerhans cells
3
Q
Parts of Pancreas
A
- head
- body
- tail
4
Q
Aging & Pancreas
A
- increased fibrosis
- increased fatty acid deposits
- atrophy
- function unimpaired/no symptoms until 90% damaged
5
Q
Pancreatic Pathologies
A
- pancreatitis
- pancreatic cancer
- Diabetes Mellitus
6
Q
Pancreatitis S/Sx
A
- severe abdominal pain
- radiate to back
- sudden pain development (gallstone pancreatitis)
- developed over weeks=alcoholic
- steady penetrating pain
- nausea/vomiting–>dry heaves
7
Q
Pancreatitis:
pain decreases with
A
- sitting up and leaning forward
- large doses of parenteral narcotics
8
Q
Pancreatitis:
pain increases with
A
- coughing
- vigorous movement
- deep breathing
9
Q
Pancreatitis:
More S/Sx
A
- sweat
- HR 100-140 bpm
- shallow respiration
- temperature variation
- postural hypotension
- may become semi comatose
- stomach displaced anteriorly (disrupts pancreatic duct–>ascites)
- mild to moderate Mm rigidity in upper abdomen
- bowel sounds hypoactive
10
Q
Mild to moderate rigidity in upper abdomen from:
A
-pancreatitis
11
Q
Pancreatic Cancer Sx
A
- few symptoms in early stages
- pain in back/stomach (ease after meals)
- weight loss
- bloating stomach
- diarrhea
- nausea
- jaundice
12
Q
Gallbladder Function
A
- reservoir for bile
- epels bile in response to food
- bile alkalinizes intestinal contents (emulsifies/absorbs/digests fats)
13
Q
Cholecystokinin
A
-hormone released into bloodstream from duodenum and small intestine that signals bile release
14
Q
Aging & Gallbladder
A
- releases less bile into intestine
- moderate vigorous physical activity enhances gallbladder function in aging
15
Q
Biliary Pathologies
A
- Cholelithiasis (gallstones)
- Gallbladder & biliary neoplasms
