Pancreas and Liver Flashcards
Rebecca
overall what is the exocrine function of the pancreas and liver
accessory organ for intestines provides excretions (digestive enzymes, HCO3)directly into intestine lumen
overall what is the endocrine function of the pancreas and liver
regulate blood borne energy substrate avaliable (after absorption) via hormones - glucose , fatty acids
what are the exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas
digestive pro-enxymes are secreted via the pancreatic duct into the 2nd part of the duodenum
where is the pancreas located
retroperitoneal except its tail, lies behind the lining of the abdomnial cavity, difficult to acces and is close to major blood vessels
what does the main pancreatic duct combine with
the common bile duct from the liver and gall bladder which then combine together and both enter the duodenum
where does the portal vein form in relation to the pancreas
behind the neck of the pancreas at L1
pancreatic blood supply
mainly via splenic artery from coeliac trunk
pancreatic-duodenal (superior and inferior and anterior and posterior) arteries from SMA or coeliac trunk
main exocrine functions of the pancreas
primary - neutralise acid (coming just from stomach)
deliever enzymes for macronutrient digestion in duodenum
what are acinar cells
main secretory cells in the pancreas, clusters connected by intercalated ducts
what else is in the intercalated ducts in the pancreas other than acinar cells
lining cells add ions and secretions after the acinar cells
what regulates exocrine release in the pancreas during the cephalic phase
vagus nerve stimulates secretions by releasing ACh and VIP
25% of secretions
what regulates exocrine release in the pancreas during the gastric phase
medicated by vagovagal relfexes (10%)
what regulates exocrine release in the pancreas during the intestinal phase
hormonally by secretin and CCK (65%)
when are zymogen granules secreted
in response to CCK and VIP
what are zymogen granules
house inactive and active digestive enzymes
how are zymogen granules secreted
exocytosed (regulated hormonally and neurally) from acinar cells into luminal space