Intro to Biomolecules

Question 1

Ionic bonds - example

Answer 1

Electrostatic attraction –> solubility

- e.g. NaCl

Question 2

Covalent bonds - example

Answer 2

Strong –> determines shape

- e.g. proteins

Question 3

Van der Waals - example

Answer 3

• ve dipole repels e-s in neighbouring –> determines how close atoms can get
• e.g. H bond

Question 4

Hydrogen bonds - example

Answer 4

Between H and N/O/F

- e.g. solubility, coolant

Question 5

Saturated fats

Answer 5

More rigid –> more solid at room temp –> assoc. w heart disease

Question 6

Triacyl glycerol = energy store as…

Answer 6

Glyerol –> into glucose

Fatty acids –> acetyl CoA

Question 7

Amphipathic

Answer 7

When hydrophobic AND hydrophilic

- fatty acids can be

Question 8

Steroid structure

Answer 8

4 fused C rings w different functional groups

Question 9

Cholesterol

• what
• function
• inhibited by

Answer 9

• Most commonly synthesised steroid
• Building blocks for other
• Inhibited by statins

Question 10

Amino acids are acidic due to…

Answer 10

Carboxyl group

Question 11

Nucleotide structure

Answer 11

Nitrogen ring & 5-C sugar (ribose OR deoxyribose) & phosphate group

Question 12

Nucleotide examples x4

Answer 12

ATP, DNA, NAD, CoA

Question 13

Function of carbohydrates

- & example

Answer 13

Chains for energy store

- e.g. glycogen in liver, muscles

Question 14

Function of proteins

- & example

Answer 14

Polypeptide chains

- e.g. enzymes

Question 15

3D structure more stable if…

Answer 15

Better at burying hydrophobic & exposing hydrophilic

Question 16

Sugars & immune response

Answer 16

Different blood groups –> different sugars buried in lipids on rbc surface

Question 17

HypERtonic solution

Answer 17

Higher solute concentration

Question 18

If higher osmolarity outside…

Answer 18

Water OUT –> cell shrinks (crenation, plasmolysis)