PAMS Flashcards
conduction thermal agents
- heat or cold trasnfered from object on skin
- hot/col packs, ice, paraffin
convection thermal agents
- hot or cold transferred between object and skin with one moving around the body part
- whirlpool, fluidotherapy
conversion thermal agents
- energy from low-frequency soundwaves converted into heat
- ultrasound or phonophoresis
hyperalgesia
increased sensitivity to pain
allodynia
pain due to stimulus that does not normally cause pain
conditions treated with cryotherapy
- pain reduction
- edema reduction
- acute inflammation
precautions for cryotherapy
- thermoregulatory problems
- sensory deficits
- hypersensitivities
-impaired circulation
contraindications to cryotherapy
- hypersensitivity
- cryoglobulinemia
- raynaud’s disease
- replantation crush injuries
- healing wounds
conditions treated with heat therapy
- pain reduction
- joint/muscle stiffness
- limited ROM
precautions for heat therapy
- menses or pregnancy
- sensory deficits
- edema
- BP problems
contraindications for heat therapy
- acute inflammation
- open wounds (paraffin or fluidotherapy)
- fever
- cancer or radiation
- acute vascular disease
conditions treated with ultrasound
- muscle stiffness
- limited ROM
- micromassage
-chronic inflammatory conditions
precautions for ultrasound
- open wound
- impaired cog
- inflammation
- lack of sensation
- metal implants
- peripheral vascular disease
contraindications of ultrasound
- do not use around site with abnormal growth
- uncontrolled bleeding or thrombus
- metastasis
- pacemakers
conditions treated with iontophoresis
- acute musculoskeltal inflammation
- Pyronin’s disease
Precautions of iontophoresis
- obesity
- impaired sensation
- peripheral neuropathy
contraindications of iontophoresis
- metal implants
- cancer
- active TB or hemorrhage
how many layers to put between hot pack and skin
6-8 layers
how long to use hot pack and how often to check
15-20 minutes checking every 5 minutes
how long to use paraffin
10-15 minutes
how long to use fluidotherapy
10-20m minutes
how to use cold pack and how long
wrap in damp towel for 15 minutes
what is a prerequisite of NMES
peripheral nerves intact and healthy muscle tissue
when is continuous passive motion used
used as postoperative treatment for joint surgeries
what is a precaution of continuous passive motion
- must have physician order
- fracture must be stable
