Acute Care Flashcards
What are Standard Precautions?
- Wash hands before and after, wipe equipment
- for everyone
What are Contact Precautions?
- Gloves, gown
- Used for C. diff, MRSA
What are Droplet Precautions?
- Mask, gloves, gown
- Patient should also be wearing a mask
- used for Flu, whooping cough, mumps, Strep
What are Airborne Precautions?
- N95 mask
- Hangs in air; used for Chicken pox, TB, Measles, Strep A
What is the normal range for Respiratory Rate (RR)?
12-18
What is the normal range for Heart Rate (HR) for adults?
60-100
What is the normal range for Blood Pressure (BP)?
> 120/80
What is the normal range for O2 Saturation?
Above 95- 100%
What are key considerations for handling techniques in ICU/CCU?
Environmental set up, be aware of lines, leg compressions, catheters, know precautions
What should you be aware of in Line Management?
- Locations and what can and can’t be removed
- Includes IV, breathing tube, feeding tube, catheter, supplemental O2
What are the posterior precautions for Anterior/Posterior THA?
No flexion past 90, no adduction, no internal rotation, keep toes forward
What are the anterior precautions for Anterior/Posterior THA?
No hip extension, alter gait to keep affected leg neutral, no hip external rotation
What are the precautions for TKA?
No pillows behind knees, both feet flat on floor when sitting, wear knee immobilizer, avoid kneeling, no high impact for 3-6 weeks, driving at 4-6 weeks
What is the weak sandwich handling technique?
Weak sandwich—strong, weak, strong
What are the transfer techniques for stairs?
Up—strong weak, Down—weak strong
What is the WBAT status?
Can bear weight as much as tolerated
What is the TTWB status?
Toes may touch floor but no more weight than that
What is the PWB status?
30-50% of weight may rest on foot
What is the NWB status?
No weight can go on foot
What is the FWB status?
Can bear full weight and is encouraged
What items are included in a total hip kit?
- Reacher
- Sock aid
- Shoe horn
- Long handle sponge
What are signs of Autonomic Dysreflexia?
- Goose bumps
- Pounding headache
- Slow pulse
- Hypertension
- Flushed face
- Blotching of skin
- Cold, clammy skin below level of SCI
What triggers Autonomic Dysreflexia?
Noxious stimulus below the SCI, skin lesions, wounds, ingrown toenail, bladder or bowel distension
What is the treatment for Autonomic Dysreflexia?
Sitting position, head elevated, check bladder or bowel distension
What are the Sternal Precautions?
No lifting more than 5-10 lbs, no pushing or pulling, hold a pillow, limit overhead work, avoid twisting or deep bending
What is the Log roll technique in transfers?
Used for spinal precautions
What are the Four Ps of Energy Conservation?
- Plan
- Prioritize
- Pace
- Position
What does the Barthel Index assess?
ADL performance
What is the Egress Test used for?
Assessing mobility in threes
What is the FIST assessment?
Functional independence screening tool
What should be included in communication with the medical team?
Consider questions to ask before initiating services
What types of equipment should be identified and managed?
Hospital equipment, A.D., A.E., DME, wheelchair, hospital bed
normal pulse for new borns
100-130 bpm
normal pulse for children
80-120 bpm
hypertension ranges
120-139/80-89
