Musculoskeletal Conditions Flashcards
1
Q
Disarticulation amputation
A
amputation across a joint
2
Q
syme’s amputation
A
amputation at ankle
3
Q
when is the preprosthetic phase
A
post surgery to receiving prosthesis
4
Q
when is the prosthetic phase
A
after receiving the prosthesis
5
Q
what are the typical limitations of UE amputations
A
manipulation of objects
6
Q
what are the typical limitations of LE
A
functional mobility
7
Q
OT eval during post-op phase of amputation
A
- pain and edema
- skin complications
- bone spurs, neuromas
- phantom pain and sensation
8
Q
OT eval of prosthetic phase
A
- changes in sensation, pain
- body image
- skin, pressure injuries
- strength, flexibility, edema
9
Q
Cause of pressure injuries with prosthesis
A
ill-fitting socket or wrinkles in sockets
10
Q
cause of sebaceus cyst with prosthesis
A
torque of socket
11
Q
cause of edema with prosthesis
A
ill-fitting socket or too tight
12
Q
preprosthetic training interventions
A
- limb hygiene and wound care
- limb shrinkage and shaping
- ADL retaining
13
Q
how is limb shrinkage done
A
elastic bandage worked up to elastic compression once drainage stops
14
Q
w/c set up with amputations
A
- residual limb support
- rear wheels placed further back
- antitippers
15
Q
describe terminal device on prosthesis
A
foot or hand
16
Q
body powered prosthetic system
A
cable driven with gross proximal movement
17
Q
electrically powered prosthetic system
A
- muscle surface electricity
- must have 2 muscle sites in prosthesis
18
Q
hybrid prosthetic system
A
- body-powered and electrical
- commonly for transhumeral amputation
19
Q
passive prosthetic system
A
static prosthesis
20
Q
activity specific prosthetic system
A
designed for particular task
21
Q
prosthetic training
A
- donning/doffing prosthesis
- wearing schedule
- limb hygiene
- prosthetic care
- functional training and driving
22
Q
wearing schedule during prosthetic training
A
- initially 15-30 minutes checking for irritation
- if not irritated after 20 minutes, increase 15-30 minute increments until wearing full day
23
Q
prosthetic care
A
- daily cleaning with soap and water
- replace batteries
24
Q
contracture
A
shortening of skin, ligaments, joint capsule, tendon, muscles
25
soft tissue contracture
responds to therapy
26
boney block contractures
require surgery to release
27
OT eval of contractures
- PROM and AROM
- impact on function
28
OT intervention for contractures
- superficial and deep heat to increase elasticity
- slow stretch
- static splinting
- serial static splinting
- dynamic splinting
29
describe fibromyalgia
- widespread pain and tenderness and stiffness independent of injury and lesion
- excessive tenderness in 11-18+ trigger points
30
OT eval of fibromyalgia
- impact on function
- cognition and psychosocial assessment
- pain assessment and diary
31
OT intervention of fibromyalgia
- education to manage pain and avoid triggers
- gentle exercise, stretching and strengthening
- sleep hygiene
- pain management
- modification or AE
32
risk factors of hip fractures
osteoporosis and reduced mobility
33
what is the most common cause of hip fractures
falls
34
describe femoral neck fracture
slight trauma or rotational force
35
describe intertrochanteric fractures
direct force between greater and lesser trochanters
36
describe subtrochanteric fractures
direct trauma to lesser trochanter
37
medical management of hip fractures
closed manipulation or ORIF
38
Non-weight bearing
0%
39
toe-touch weight bearing
10% for balance only
40
Partial weight bearing
50%
41
full weight bearing
100%
42
weight bearing as tolerated
weight bearing based on pain
43
when is a hip replacement indicated
joint diseases, arthritis, pain
44
posterior THA precautions
no hip flexion past 90, internal rotation, or adduction
45
anterior THA precautions
no external rotation, extension, adduction
46
OTs role in hip replacements
- education on precautions
- psychosocial aspects
- home safety and return to work
47
indications for knee replacement
- pain and loss in function
- joint disease, arthritis or trauma
- symptoms compounded by obesity or aging
48
medical management of knee replacement
- aleviate pain, increase motion, maintain joint alignment and stability
- knee imobilizer or brace
- avoid excessive rotation 12 weeks
49
partial/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
medial or lateral compartment
50
total knee arthroplasty
damage to 2+ compartments of knee
51
Role of OT with TKA
- education of WB restrictions and precautions
- teach safety with transfers, ADLs, LB dressing
- AE recommendations
52
goals of rehab for low back pain
-body positioning and ergonomics
- pain management
53
what is sciatic pain
pinched nerve from herniated disc
54
what is spinal stenosis
narrowing of intervertebral foreamen
55
what is facet joint pain
inflammation/change of spinal joints
56
56
57
what is spondylolysis
stress fracture of dorsal transverse process
57
spondylolisthesis
slippage of vertebra out of position
58
what is herniated nucleus pulposis
stress tearing of fibers of disc causing outward bulging
59
what is compression fracture typically caused by
osteoporosis
60
formal assessments for low back pain
- COPM
- Brief Pain inventory
- Beck Depression Inventory
- Pain Self-efficacy questionnnaire
61
OT intervention of low back pain
- neutral spine stabilization techniques
- body mechanics
- pain management
- ADL retraining
62
semi-squat
face object, lower knees, straight back
63
lifting considerations for large or heavy objects
lower 1 knee to floor, keep object close to body
64
lifting considerations for light, balanced loads
carry close to body with straight spine
65
bathing suggestions for low back pain
- HHSH or long handle sponge to reduce twisting
- hygiene at kitchen skink vs bathroom sink
- sit for dressing and laydown for pulling clothes up
66
primary vs secondary osteoarthritis
- primary is localized with unknown cause
- secondary is related to trauma, infection, necrosis or congenital abnormalities
67
symptoms of osteoarthritis
- joint pain and stiffness
- local inflammation
- crepitus
- worsens with activity and may disturb sleep
- relieved by rest
68
Buchard's nodes are located where
PIP joints
69
Heberden's nodes are located where
DIP joints
70
evaluation of osteoarthritis
- ROM and strength
- cognitive and psychosocial assessment
- posture, pain, deformity, inflammation
71
Intervention for osteoarthritis
- PAMS
- Ther ex and AROM
- occupational retraining
- symptom management and joint protection
72
what is Osteoporosis
progressive low bone mass and density
73
OT eval of osteoporosis
- strength and ROM
- Assess sleep and work
- assess fall risks
