Low Vision

Question 1

low vision

Answer 1

vision that can’t be fixed with lenses or surgery

Question 2

mild low vision impairment

Answer 2

20/30 - 20/60

Question 3

moderate low vision impairment

Answer 3

20/70 - 20/160

Question 4

severe vision impairments

Answer 4

20/200 or worse

Question 5

Profound vision impairment

Answer 5

20/500 - 20/1000

Question 6

near total vision impairment

Answer 6

<20/1000

Question 7

Total vision impairment

Answer 7

No light perception

Question 8

Legally blind

Answer 8

20/200 or worse with corrective lenses

Question 9

best corrected vision

Answer 9

best vision attainable with lenses

Question 10

visual cognition

Answer 10

make decisions and gain knowledge based on vision

Question 11

visual memory

Answer 11

recall memories of images

Question 12

pattern recognition

Answer 12

identify features and distinguish from surroundings

Question 13

visual scanning

Answer 13

saccadic eye movements to look at different objects

Question 14

visual attention/alertness

Answer 14

attending to information and ignoring irrelevant sensory information

Question 15

occulomotor controls

Answer 15

accommodation, convergence and diplopia

Question 16

accomodation

Answer 16

focus on varying distances

Question 17

convergence

Answer 17

focus on nearby objects with eye adduction

Question 18

diplopia

Answer 18

double vision caused by weak muscles of 1 eye

Question 19

Describe what Snellen Fraction means

Answer 19

at ___ distance, the viewer can see what a person with normal vision sees at ___ distance

Question 20

presbyopia

Answer 20

difficulty seeing near objects

Question 21

myopia

Answer 21

close objects seen clearer
- nearsightedness

Question 22

hyperopia

Answer 22

distant objects seen clearer
- far sightedness

Question 23

contrast sensitivity

Answer 23

ability to detect borders of objects

Question 24

visual field

Answer 24

what someone sees when they look ahead

Question 25

peripheral visual field

Answer 25

background info about one's position in environment

Question 26

peripheral vision parts of eye

Answer 26

rod photoreceptors

Question 27

central visual field

Answer 27

central 20 degrees of vision

Question 28

central vision field eye parts

Answer 28

macula and fovea

Question 29

natural changes in vision over time

Answer 29

- decreased subcutaneous fat around eye - decreased muscle strength - cornea thickens and transparency decreases - smaller pupils - lens is thicker, less flexible, more opaque

Question 30

age-related functional changes

Answer 30

- decreased ability to seeing close objects and eye coordination - images are blurrier - slower adaptations to light changes -narrow visual field

Question 31

Assessments for low vision

Answer 31

- Melbourne low-vision ADL index - COPM -Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool

Question 32

Melbourne low-vision ADL index

Answer 32

assess impact of vision in I/ADLs

Question 33

Model of Human occupation screening tool

Answer 33

informal observation of volition, habituation, skills and environment on occupational performance

Question 34

environmental assessment

Answer 34

- lighting and glare - contrast of items- stairs, showers, curbs

Question 35

visual acuity assessment

Answer 35

assess near and distant visual acuity while wearing prescribed eyewear

Question 36

contrast sensitivity assessment

Answer 36

Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity chart

Question 37

Peripheral visual field assessment

Answer 37

confrontation testing

Question 38

central visual field assessment

Answer 38

Amsler grid

Question 39

occular motor assessment

Answer 39

- assess for diplopia - brain injury visual assessment

Question 40

intervention for visual acuity

Answer 40

- eccentric viewing - magnification - lighting - contrast - organization

Question 41

eccentric viewing

Answer 41

rotate head/trunk to compensate for central vision loss

Question 42

sensory substitution

Answer 42

using other senses to make up for visual losses - tactile bumps

Question 43

intervention for visual field

Answer 43

- rotate head and trunk - organized scanning

Question 44

oculomotor function

Answer 44

- occlusion -prism -eye exercises - surgery

Question 45

age-related macular degeneration

Answer 45

- blind spots in central vision affecting near-distant vision and activities - objects appear distorted, straight lines appear wavy - difficulty reading and low-contrast activities

Question 46

glaucoma

Answer 46

- increased pressure reduces blood flow and loss in peripheral vision and blindness - difficulties with functional mobility, night vision and reading

Question 47

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 47

- high sugar in blood vessels leads to bleeding in vitreous - fluctuating vision, decreased contrast sensitivity and night vision

Question 48

cataracts

Answer 48

- lens becomes opaque or clouded - blurry vision, glare, poor night vision

Question 49

homonymous hemianopia

Answer 49

- following a TBI with half of visual field in each eye is lost - difficulty reading and mobility

Question 50

oculomotor dysfunction

Answer 50

- difficulty maintaining focus leading to diplopia - difficulty with hand-eye coordination, reading, adjusting to light changes

Question 51

visual neglect

Answer 51

- visual field deficit - all daily tasks affected - reading, driving, mobility