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NBCOT Study > Low Vision > Flashcards

Low Vision Flashcards

1
Q

low vision

A

vision that can’t be fixed with lenses or surgery

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2
Q

mild low vision impairment

A

20/30 - 20/60

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3
Q

moderate low vision impairment

A

20/70 - 20/160

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4
Q

severe vision impairments

A

20/200 or worse

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5
Q

Profound vision impairment

A

20/500 - 20/1000

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6
Q

near total vision impairment

A

<20/1000

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7
Q

Total vision impairment

A

No light perception

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8
Q

Legally blind

A

20/200 or worse with corrective lenses

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9
Q

best corrected vision

A

best vision attainable with lenses

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10
Q

visual cognition

A

make decisions and gain knowledge based on vision

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11
Q

visual memory

A

recall memories of images

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12
Q

pattern recognition

A

identify features and distinguish from surroundings

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13
Q

visual scanning

A

saccadic eye movements to look at different objects

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14
Q

visual attention/alertness

A

attending to information and ignoring irrelevant sensory information

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15
Q

occulomotor controls

A

accommodation, convergence and diplopia

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16
Q

accomodation

A

focus on varying distances

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17
Q

convergence

A

focus on nearby objects with eye adduction

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18
Q

diplopia

A

double vision caused by weak muscles of 1 eye

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19
Q

Describe what Snellen Fraction means

A

at ___ distance, the viewer can see what a person with normal vision sees at ___ distance

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20
Q

presbyopia

A

difficulty seeing near objects

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21
Q

myopia

A

close objects seen clearer
- nearsightedness

22
Q

hyperopia

A

distant objects seen clearer
- far sightedness

23
Q

contrast sensitivity

A

ability to detect borders of objects

24
Q

visual field

A

what someone sees when they look ahead

25
Q

peripheral visual field

A

background info about one’s position in environment

26
Q

peripheral vision parts of eye

A

rod photoreceptors

27
Q

central visual field

A

central 20 degrees of vision

28
Q

central vision field eye parts

A

macula and fovea

29
Q

natural changes in vision over time

A
  • decreased subcutaneous fat around eye
  • decreased muscle strength
  • cornea thickens and transparency decreases
  • smaller pupils
  • lens is thicker, less flexible, more opaque
30
Q

age-related functional changes

A
  • decreased ability to seeing close objects and eye coordination
  • images are blurrier
  • slower adaptations to light changes
    -narrow visual field
31
Q

Assessments for low vision

A
  • Melbourne low-vision ADL index
  • COPM
    -Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool
32
Q

Melbourne low-vision ADL index

A

assess impact of vision in I/ADLs

33
Q

Model of Human occupation screening tool

A

informal observation of volition, habituation, skills and environment on occupational performance

34
Q

environmental assessment

A
  • lighting and glare
  • contrast of items- stairs, showers, curbs
35
Q

visual acuity assessment

A

assess near and distant visual acuity while wearing prescribed eyewear

36
Q

contrast sensitivity assessment

A

Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity chart

37
Q

Peripheral visual field assessment

A

confrontation testing

38
Q

central visual field assessment

A

Amsler grid

39
Q

occular motor assessment

A
  • assess for diplopia
  • brain injury visual assessment
40
Q

intervention for visual acuity

A
  • eccentric viewing
  • magnification
  • lighting
  • contrast
  • organization
41
Q

eccentric viewing

A

rotate head/trunk to compensate for central vision loss

42
Q

sensory substitution

A

using other senses to make up for visual losses
- tactile bumps

43
Q

intervention for visual field

A
  • rotate head and trunk
  • organized scanning
44
Q

oculomotor function

A
  • occlusion
    -prism
    -eye exercises
  • surgery
45
Q

age-related macular degeneration

A
  • blind spots in central vision affecting near-distant vision and activities
  • objects appear distorted, straight lines appear wavy
  • difficulty reading and low-contrast activities
46
Q

glaucoma

A
  • increased pressure reduces blood flow and loss in peripheral vision and blindness
  • difficulties with functional mobility, night vision and reading
47
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A
  • high sugar in blood vessels leads to bleeding in vitreous
  • fluctuating vision, decreased contrast sensitivity and night vision
48
Q

cataracts

A
  • lens becomes opaque or clouded
  • blurry vision, glare, poor night vision
49
Q

homonymous hemianopia

A
  • following a TBI with half of visual field in each eye is lost
  • difficulty reading and mobility
50
Q

oculomotor function

A
  • difficulty maintaining focus leading to diplopia
  • difficulty with hand-eye coordination, reading, adjusting to light changes
51
Q

visual neglect

A
  • visual field deficit
  • all daily tasks affected
  • reading, driving, mobility

NBCOT Study (13 decks)

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