PALS Endocrine Case Flashcards
1
Q
what are clinical features of Addison’s Disease
A
postural hypotension hyperpigmentation vitiligo loss of body hair hypoglyceamia
2
Q
what are 3 causes of Addison’s Disease
A
autoimmune infection (TB) malignant infiltration (breast, lung)
3
Q
what blood tests would you perform in suspected Addison’s
A
FBC U&E (low Na+/high K+) Glucose (low) random cortisol (low) Random ACTH (high) adrenal autoantibodies
4
Q
how would you manage Addison’s
A
hydrocortisone
Fludrocortisone
5
Q
what are side effects of long term steroid use
A
hypertension diabetes proximal myopathy skin changes (thining bruising) osteoporosis Cushing's syndrom
6
Q
what is Addisonian crisis
A
severe lack of cortisol in times of stress
7
Q
what are signs of Addisonian crisis
A
N&V abdominal pain weakness in limbs hypoglycaemia hypotensive tachycardic pale, cold, clamy
8
Q
which investigations would you perform in an Addisonian crisis
A
plasma cortisol and ACTH
FBC, U&E’s
glucose and blood cultures
9
Q
what is the management of Addisonian crisis
A
ABC
IV access
IV hydrocortisone and saline
fludrocortisone if needed
10
Q
what are signs of DKA on examination
A
Low BP
high HR and RR
Deep and rapid respiration
ketones on breath
dehydration
abdominal tendernes
