Anatomy Endocrine System Flashcards
what is the name of the hollow in the skull that the pituitary gland sits in
sella turcica
what bone of the skull is the sella turcica a part of
sphenoid bone
which fibres from the optic nerve, nasal or temporal cross over to the opposite side at the chiasm
nasal
what visual defect would occur if there was pituitary gland enlargement, pressing on the optic chiasma
bitemporal hemianopia
under the microscope which lobe of the pituitary gland is dark staining, anterior or posterior
anterior = dark stain
what colour do acidophillic cells of the anterior pituitary stain
acidophils stain PINK
what colour do basophilic cells of the anterior pituitary stain under the microscope
stain LIGHT PURPLE
what colour do chromophobic cells of the anterior pituitary stain under the microscope
PALE (they do not take up much stain)
what do acidophils secrete
somatotrophin ( target organ is the liver)
prolactin (target organ is breast)
what do basophils secrete
ACTH (target organ is adrenal cortex)
TSH (target organ is the thyroid gland)
FSH LH (target organ is gonads)
what are the main secretory cells of the posterior pituitary
neurosecretory cells
what hormones does the posterior pituitary gland secrete
oxytocin
vasopressin
where does the pituitary gland get its blood supply
from branches of the ICA- superior hypophysial artery and posterior hypophysial artery
what artery supplies the anterior pituitary gland
superior hypophysial artery
what artery supplies the posterior pituitary gland
inferior hypophysial artery
what is the venous drainage of the pituitary gland
hypophysial veins into the carvernous sinus
what is the vertebral level of the thyroid gland
C5 to T1
what tracheal rings does the thyroid gland lie anterior to
4th and 6th tracheal rings
what are the 3 strap muscles that overlie the thyroid gland
sternothyroid
sternohyoid
omohyoid
name 2 nerves that supply the muscles of the vocal cords and describe their location in relation to the thyroid gland
recurrent laryngeal-runs between the trachea and the oesophagus
superior laryngeal-runs close to the superior thyroid artery
from which major artery in the neck does the superior thyroid artery arise
ECA
from which artery does the inferior thyroid artery arise
subclavian artery
into which vein does the superior and middle thyroid vein drain
IJV
into which vein does the inferior thyroid vein drain
brachiocephalic veins
what is the lymphatic drainage of the thyroid gland
deep cervical group
what is the arterial supply to the parathyroid glands
inferior thyroid arteries
are the supradrenal glands intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal
retroperitoneal
what type of tissue gives rise to the cortex of the adrenal gland
mesoderm epithelium
what type of tissue gives rise to the medulla of the adrenal gland
neuroectoderm tissue
what is the blood supply to the adrenal glands
supradrenal arteries
where do the supradrenal arteries arise from
inferior phrenic, aorta, renal arteries
where does the right suprarenal vein drain into
IVC
where does the left suprarenal vein drain into
left renal vein
is the pancreas intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal
retroperitoneal
