Paediatric Hip Problems Flashcards
what are five childhood hip problems?
- development dysplasia
- slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE)
- transient synovitis
- septic arthritis
- Perthes disease
what is developmental dysplasia of the hip?
the joint does not form correctly leading to dislocation
who is developmental dysplasia of the hip more common in?
females
breech
oligohydramnios
diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip
baby checks
examination shows asymmetry, loss of knee height, less abduction and flexion
specific tests for developmental dysplasia of the hip
Barlow’s
Ortolani
what is Barlow’s test?
adduction and downward pressure
what is Ortolani’s test?
abduction and lift
management of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Pavlik harness if under 3
gallows traction if over 3
what age does SUFE present in?
8-18
risk factors for SUFE
weight
presentation of SUFE
pain
limp
antalgic gait
diagnosis of SUFE
clinical
XR used to assess degree of slip
management of SUFE
surgery to pin femoral head
OR
hip replacement
what is transient synovitis?
inflammation of the synovium
cause of transient synovitis?
secondary to viral illness
what is septic arthritis?
intra-articular infection with destruction and osteonecrosis of the joint
presentation of septic arthritis
quick onset
pyrexia
unable to bear weight
hip lying flexed and externally rotated
what is Perthes disease?
avascular necrosis of the hip
who presents with Perthes disease?
4-8 year olds
usually male
presentation of Perthes disease
pain
limb
Trendellenburg’s sign
loss of internal rotation
management of perthes disease
avoid physical activity
presentation fo displaced fractured neck of femur
shortened leg and externally rotated
presentation of dislocated femoral head
shortened leg and internally rotated
