4th Year Spine

Question 1

three types of spinal stenosis

Answer 1

central stenosis (central spinal canal)
lateral stenosis (nerve root canal)
foramina stenosis (intervertebral foramina)

Question 2

L3/4 prolapse presentation

Answer 2

L4 entrapment:

• pain down medial ankle
• loss of quads
• reduced knee jerk

Question 3

L4/5 prolapse presentation

Answer 3

L5 entrapment:

• pain down dorsum of foot
• reduced EHL and tibialis anterior (foot drop)

Question 4

L5/S1 prolapse presentation

Answer 4

S1 entrapment

• pain on sole of foot
• reduced plantarflexion and ankle jerks